LEYDEN, JOHN (1775-1811).—­Poet and Orientalist, b. at Denholm, Roxburghshire, gave early evidence of superior ability, and his f., who was a shepherd, destined him for the Church.  He accordingly entered the Univ. of Edin., where he had a brilliant career, showing a special aptitude for languages and natural history.  In 1800 he became a licentiate of the Church, but continued his scientific and linguistic studies, and also began to write.  In 1799 he had pub. a sketch of the Discoveries and Settlements of the Europeans in Northern and Western Africa, and he contributed to Scott’s Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, and to “Monk” Lewis’s Tales of Wonder.  His enthusiasm for Oriental learning led to application being made on his behalf to Government for some situation which would make his acquirements available for the public service, but the only opening which could be obtained was that of a ship’s surgeon.  By extraordinary exertions L. qualified himself for this in a few months, and set sail for the East, after finishing his poem, Scenes of Infancy.  Soon after his arrival at Madras his health gave way, and after some time passed in Prince of Wales Island he visited the Malay Peninsula, and some of the East Indian Islands, collecting vast stores of linguistic and ethnographical information, on which was founded his great Dissertation on the Indo-Persian, Indo-Chinese, and Dekkan Languages (1807).  Soon after this L. was appointed a prof. in the Bengal Coll., and a little later a judge in Calcutta.  In 1811 he accompanied the Governor-General, Lord Minto, to Java.  His health, however, had been undermined by his almost super-human exertions, and immediately after landing he contracted a fever, of which he d. in three days at the early age of 36.  Two Oriental works translated by him, Sejarah Malayu (Malay Annals) and Commentaries of Baber were pub. respectively in 1821 and 1826.

LIDDELL, HENRY GEORGE (1811-1898).—­Historian, etc. Ed. at Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxf., of which in 1855 he became Dean.  He wrote a History of Ancient Rome (1855), and, along with R. Scott, pub. a Greek-English Lexicon (1843).

LIDDON, HENRY PARRY (1829-1890).—­Divine, s. of a captain in the navy, was b. at North Stoneham, Hants, and ed. at King’s Coll.  School, London, and Oxf.  He took orders 1853, was Vice-Principal of Cuddesdon Theological Coll. 1854-59, Prebendary of Salisbury 1864, and Canon of St. Paul’s 1870.  He was also Ireland Prof. of Exegesis at Oxf. 1870-82.  In 1866 he delivered his Bampton Lectures on The Divinity of Our Lord, and came to be recognised as one of the ablest and most eloquent representatives of the High Church party.  His sermons in St. Paul’s were among the leading features of the religious life of London.  L. was an ardent protagonist in the various controversies of his time bearing upon ecclesiastical and moral questions.