Recollections, etc., by Mrs. Piozzi, Reynolds, and others, also Johnsoniana (Mrs. Napier, 1884), Boswell’s Life, various ed., including that of Napier, 1884, and Birkbeck Hill, 1889.

JOHNSTON, ARTHUR (c. 1587-1641).—­Poet in Latin, b. near Aberdeen, studied medicine at Padua, where he graduated.  After living for about 20 years in France, he returned to England, became physician to Charles I., and was afterwards Rector of King’s Coll., Aberdeen.  He attained a European reputation as a writer of Latin poetry.  Among his works are Musae Aulicae (1637), and a complete translation of the Psalms, and he ed. Deliciae Poetarum Scotorum, a collection of Latin poetry by Scottish authors.

JOHNSTONE, CHARLES (1719?-1800).—­Novelist.  Prevented by deafness from practising at the Irish Bar, he went to India, where he was proprietor of a newspaper.  He wrote one successful book, Chrysal, or the Adventures of a Guinea, a somewhat sombre satire, and some others now utterly forgotten.

JONES, EBENEZER (1820-1860).—­Poet, wrote a good deal of poetry of very unequal merit, but at his best shows a true poetic vein.  He was befriended by Browning and Rossetti.  His chief work was Studies of Sensation and Event (1843).  His most widely appreciated poems were “To the Snow,” “To Death,” and “When the World is Burning.”  He made an unhappy marriage, which ended in a separation.

JONES, ERNEST CHARLES (1819-1869).—­Poet, novelist, and Chartist, s. of Major J., equerry to the Duke of Cumberland, afterwards King of Hanover, was b. at Berlin.  He adopted the views of the Chartists in an extreme form, and was imprisoned for two years for seditious speeches, and on his release conducted a Chartist newspaper.  Afterwards, when the agitation had died down, he returned to his practice as a barrister, which he had deserted, and also wrote largely.  He produced a number of novels, including The Maid of Warsaw, Woman’s Wrongs, and The Painter of Florence, also some poems, The Battle Day (1855), The Revolt of Hindostan (1857), and Corayda (1859).  Some of his lyrics, such as The Song of the Poor, The Song of the Day Labourers, and The Factory Slave, were well known.

JONES, SIR WILLIAM (1746-1794).—­Orientalist and jurist, was b. in London, and ed. at Harrow and Oxf.  He lost his f., an eminent mathematician, at 3 years of age.  He early showed extraordinary aptitude for acquiring languages, specially those of the East, and learned 28.  Devoting himself to the study of law he became one of the most profound jurists of his time.  He was appointed one of the Judges in the Supreme Court of Bengal, knighted in 1783, and started for India, whence he never returned.  While there, in addition to his judicial duties, he pursued his studies in Oriental languages, from which he made various translations.  Among his original works are The Enchanted Fruit, and A Treatise on the Gods of Greece, Italy, and India.  He founded the Bengal Asiatic Society.  He left various works unfinished which, with his other writings, were coll. and ed. by Lord Teignmouth.  He d. universally beloved and honoured at the early age of 48.  His chief legal work was The Institutes of Hindu Law or the Ordinances of Manu.