a scheme which speedily fell through, owing firstly
to want of funds, and secondly to the circumstance
of the two projectors falling in love simultaneously
with two sisters, Sarah and Edith Fricker, of whom
the former became, in 1795, the wife of C., and the
latter of Southey. C. had spent one more term
at Camb., and there in Sept. 1794 his first work,
The Fall of Robespierre, a drama, to which Southey
contributed two acts, the second and third, was pub.
After his marriage he settled first at Clevedon, and
thereafter at Nether Stowey, Somerset, where he had
Wordsworth for a neighbour, with whom he formed an
intimate association. About 1796 he fell into
the fatal habit of taking laudanum, which had such
disastrous effects upon his character and powers of
will. In the same year Poems on various Subjects
appeared, and a little later Ode to the Departing
Year. While at Nether Stowey he was practically
supported by Thomas Poole, a tanner, with whom he had
formed a friendship. Here he wrote The Ancient
Mariner, the first part of Christabel and
Kubla Khan, and here he joined with Wordsworth
in producing the Lyrical Ballads. Some
time previously he had become a Unitarian, and was
much engaged as a preacher in that body, and for a
short time acted as a minister at Shrewsbury.
Influenced by Josiah and Thomas Wedgwood, who each
in 1798 gave him an annuity of L75 on condition of
his devoting himself to literature, he resigned this
position, and soon afterwards went to Germany, where
he remained for over a year, an experience which profoundly
influenced the future development of his intellect.
On his return he made excursions with Southey and
Wordsworth, and at the end of 1799 went to London,
where he wrote and reported for the Morning Post.
His great translation of Schiller’s Wallenstein
appeared in 1800. In the same year he migrated
to Greta Hall, near Keswick, where he wrote the second
part of Christabel. Soon after this his
health gave way, and he suffered much; and, whether
as the cause or the consequence of this, he had become
a slave to opium. In 1804 he went to Malta in
search of health, and there became the friend of the
governor, Sir Alexander Ball, who appointed him his
sec., in which position he showed remarkable capacity
for affairs. Resigning this occupation, of which
he had become tired, he travelled in Italy, and in
the beginning of 1806 reached Rome, where he enjoyed
the friendship of Tieck, Humboldt, and Bunsen.
He returned to England in the end of 1806, and in
1808 delivered his first course of lectures on Shakespeare
at the Royal Institution, and thereafter (1809), leaving
his family at Keswick, he went to live with Wordsworth
at Grasmere. Here he started The Friend,
a philosophical and theological periodical, which lasted
for 9 months. That part of his annuity contributed
by T. Wedgwood had been confirmed to him by will in
1805, and this he allowed to his wife, but in 1811