all laws and ordinances, neither will they admit of their differences being judged of by any permanent customs or traditions, but rather that their sheiks or chiefs shall determine according to their pleasure.  They dwell in caves and holes, but most of them in tents or huts.  In colour they are very black, and their language is Arabic.  They worship Mahomet, but are very bad Mahometans, being addicted beyond all other people on earth to thievery and rapine.  They eat raw flesh, and milk is their usual drink.  Their habits are vile and filthy; but they run with wonderful swiftness.  They fight afoot or on horseback, darts being their chief weapons, and are almost continually at war with their neighbours.

[Footnote 329:  Badwi, or more properly Badawi, signifies a dweller in the field or in the desert; corruptly called by us Bedouin.—­Astl.]

By day-light of the 10th May we weighed anchor from the port of Igidid[330], and an hour before sunset we fastened our barks to a shoal about four leagues south of Farate.  In this shoal there is an excellent harbour, lying almost E.S.E. and W.N.W. but very crooked and winding, so large that we could not see to the other end.  The 22d of May[331], by day-break, we were a league short of the grove which stands four leagues north of Massua, having the wind from the land.  At nine o’clock it began to blow fair from the N.N.E. and we entered the port of Massua at noon, where we were joyfully received by the fleet and army.  From the 22d of May, when we entered Massua, the winds were always from the easterly points, either E. or S.E. or E.S.E. often with great storms.  On the last day of June we had so violent a gale from S.E. that the galleons drifted and were in great danger of grounding.  This storm was attended by heavy rain and fearful thunders, and a thunderbolt struck the mast of one of our galleons, which furrowed it in its whole length.  On the 2d of July we had another great storm from the east which lasted most of the day, and drove many of our vessels from their anchors.  From thence to the 7th of July we had other storms, but small in comparison.  On the 8th and 9th we had two desperate gales from the land.

[Footnote 330:  Either Don Juan or his abbreviator has omitted part of the Journal at this place, from the port of Azallaihe to that of Igidid—­E.]

[Footnote 331:  Here again a considerable portion of the Journal is emitted.—­E.]

SECTION X.

Return of the Expedition from Massua to India.