“they having been reformed from Popery by presbyters,”
as if our reformers had only contended for a church
government merely human; whereas they strenuously
maintained the divine right of presbytery, and condemned
Prelacy as contrary to the word of God. This
reason would be equally strong against presbytery,
on supposition that prelates had got the start of
presbyters in the reformation from Popery. Again,
2d, upon the same, and no better ground, was Presbytery
established, namely, because it was more agreeable
to the inclinations of the people, and as it was of
a more ancient standing in Scotland than Prelacy.
Further, that the divine right of presbytery is not
acknowledged in this settlement, appears from the express
words of the act itself, wherein it is designated,
“the only government of Christ’s church
in the nation;” not the only government of Christ’s
church laid down in the word of God, received and
sworn to by all the three nations, ratified by both
civil and ecclesiastical authority. A clear evidence,
that church government was regarded as ambulatory only,
and what might be altered at pleasure. Hence,
while the king was settling presbytery in Scotland,
he was also maintaining, as bound by oath, Prelacy
in England, &c. And so Presbytery, for peace’s
sake, as most agreeable to the inclinations of the
people, was settled in Scotland as the government of
Christ’s church there. Thus, there is a
settlement of religion, and yet not one line of scripture
authority, or reformation principles legible therein:
and, as one said (though a strenuous defender of the
settlement), “The glory of that church is at
a low pass, which hangs upon the nail of legal securities
by kings and parliaments, instead of the nail which
God has fastened in a sure place;” which, alas!
is the case with the church of Scotland at this day.
It is true, that the parliament call their settlement,
“Agreeable to God’s word;” but it
is as true, that, from their conduct toward both (abolishing
Prelacy, and establishing Presbytery, from these political
motives above mentioned), it is abundantly plain,
that they believed neither of them to be formally
and specifically agreeable to, and founded upon the
word of God; but that they regarded all forms of church
government as indifferent, and thought themselves
at liberty to pick and choose such a particular form
as best suited the humors and inclinations of the
people, and their own worldly advantage. Accordingly,
we find the parliament 1689, appointing a committee
to receive all the forms of government that should
be brought before them, to examine them for this purpose,
and then report their opinions of them to the house.