men by a greater promptness to think and feel without
immediate external excitement, and a greater power
in expressing such thoughts and feelings as are produced
in him in that manner. But these passions and
thoughts and feelings are the general passions and
thoughts and feelings of men. And with what are
they connected? Undoubtedly with our moral sentiments
and animal sensations, and with the causes which excite
these; with the operations of the elements, and the
appearances of the visible universe; with storm and
sunshine, with the revolutions of the seasons, with
cold and heat, with loss of friends and kindred, with
injuries and resentments, gratitude and hope, with
fear and sorrow. These, and the like, are the
sensations and objects which the Poet describes, as
they are the sensations of other men, and the objects
which interest them. The Poet thinks and feels
in the spirit of human passions. How, then, can
his language differ in any material degree from that
of all other men who feel vividly and see clearly?
It might be proved that it is impossible.
But supposing that this were not the case, the Poet
might then be allowed to use a peculiar language when
expressing his feelings for his own gratification,
or that of men like himself. But Poets do not
write for Poets alone, but for men. Unless therefore
we are advocates for that admiration which subsists
upon ignorance, and that pleasure which arises from
hearing what we do not understand, the Poet must descend
from this supposed height; and, in order to excite
rational sympathy, he must express himself as other
men express themselves. To this it may be added,
that while he is only selecting from the real language
of men, or, which amounts to the same thing, composing
accurately in the spirit of such selection, he is
treading upon safe ground, and we know what we are
to expect from him. Our feelings are the same
with respect to metre; for, as it may be proper to
remind the Reader, the distinction of metre is regular
and uniform, and not, like that which is produced by
what is usually called POETIC DICTION, arbitrary,
and subject to infinite caprices upon which no calculation
whatever can be made. In the one case, the Reader
is utterly at the mercy of the Poet, respecting what
imagery or diction he may choose to connect with the
passion; whereas, in the other, the metre obeys certain
laws, to which the Poet and Reader both willingly
submit because they are certain, and because no interference
is made by them with the passion, but such as the concurring
testimony of ages has shown to heighten and improve
the pleasure which co-exists with it.