On the 28th, being then in 10 deg. 36’ south, and 125 deg. 47’ east, the high land of Timor was seen bearing N. 61 deg.  W., at the distance of thirty, or perhaps more leagues; but no soundings could be obtained with 90, nor in the evening with 160 fathoms.  Next day [TUESDAY 29 MARCH 1803], the light south-west wind suddenly veered to S. E., and blew fresh; and from its dying away at sunset was evidently a sea breeze attracted by the land, which, however, was forty miles off in its nearest part.  Our latitude on the 30th [WEDNESDAY 30 MARCH 1803] was 10 deg. 37’ 13”, longitude 124 deg. 181/2’, and the land, mostly high mountains, extended from N. N. E. 1/2 E. to W. N. W., the nearest part was distant seven or eight leagues, but we still had no soundings.  The island Rottee is reckoned tolerably high land, but must be greatly inferior to Timor; since the round hill at its eastern end was not seen from the mast head till four this afternoon, when its distance was little more than fifteen leagues.  We carried all sail for the strait between the two islands till midnight, and then had soundings in 120 fathoms, muddy ground; an hour and a half afterwards the land was close, and the depth no more than 10 fathoms, upon which we hauled off till morning.

THURSDAY 31 MARCH 1803

At daylight, the north-east point of Rottee was distant two miles, and we steered along the shore, looking for boats and people to obtain intelligence, and if possible some refreshments; but none were seen, although we passed close to a deep and well-sheltered cove.  At ten o’clock, when the sandy north point of Rottee was distant one mile and a half, we hauled up north-eastward, across the passage of about six miles wide, between it and the northern lands; for the purpose of entering Samow Strait, which was then open, and of which Mr. Westall took the view given in the Atlas (Plate XVIII, last View).  The south-west point of Timor is surrounded by a reef, which extends from half a mile to a mile off, and runs some distance up the strait; both sides of the entrance are low land, yet at eleven o’clock we had no ground between them with 75 fathoms.  The width of the entrance is three miles and a half, and continues nearly the same upwards, with a depth of 36 or more fathoms, and no dangers in it, other than the reef before mentioned.  From the observations at noon, the extreme south-west point of Timor lies in 10 deg. 22’ south, and longitude by survey back from Coepang, 123 deg. 29’ east; captain Cook places it in 10 deg. 23’ and 123 deg. 55’, and calls it the south point, but there is a sloping projection, three leagues to the eastward, which I set in a line with it at E. 2 deg.  S.

[NORTH COAST. COEPANG BAY.]