From the woody islet I crossed over to the main land near the ship, and took another set of bearings for the survey.  Upon the shore were pieces of bamboo, and other traces of the same foreign people of whom mention has frequently been made; and three small huts were found, so entirely covered with grass that no opening was left; but they were empty, and nothing was buried underneath.  On the borders of a small fresh lake the botanists reaped a harvest of new plants, without molestation; indeed no natives were seen any where; but several skeletons were found, standing upright in the hollow stumps of trees; and the skulls and bones being smeared or painted, partly red and partly white, made a very strange appearance.  Some kangaroos were perceived at a distance; and judging by their foot-marks on the sand, they were rather numerous.  The country near the sea side is stony and barren; further back, it rises gently to a small elevation, and seemed to be moderately well covered with grass and wood.

WEDNESDAY 5 JANUARY 1803

In the morning of the 5th we got under way, and steered eastward for Groote Eylandt, which I now intended to circumnavigate.  In passing the south side of Bickerton’s Island, we observed in it a deep bight or bay which would afford shelter in the north-west monsoon., if there be depth sufficient for a ship; and the hills at the back being high and woody, there was a probability of its receiving a stream of fresh water.  The country round the entrance of the bight, had the appearance of being sandy and sterile.

Between the nearest parts of Groote and Bickerton’s Islands is a space of eight miles, which seemed to offer a perfectly safe passage, with soundings, if I may judge from what we had in crossing the south side, between 13 and 17 fathoms; nor can the rather high and woody isle, which lies almost exactly in the middle of the opening, be considered as presenting any obstacle.  This isle, from its local position, would seem to be the central one of three laid down in the Dutch chart between Groote Eylandt and the main; but the latitude corresponds with the southernmost.  I call it Connexion Island; because my survey round Groote Eylandt was connected by its means, and made in a great measure independent of the time keepers.  The centre of Connexion Island, from observations at noon to the north and south, lies in 13 deg. 501/2’ south; and the longitude, deduced at three o’clock when the extremes bore N. 20 deg.  W. to 11 deg.  E. four miles, would be 136 deg. 27’ from the best time keeper; but from the survey and lunar observations, 136 deg. 241/2’ east should be more correct.

Our distance from the west side of Groote Eylandt at four o’clock, was not quite three miles, and we then bore away southward along the shore, in 8 to 6 fathoms water.  This depth diminished gradually to 4 fathoms, and suddenly from that to 21/2; on which we steered off into 7, and then resumed our southern course.  Soon after sunset,