2. That, in the suits of the Indians, the process be summary. Second:  In their law-suits, proceedings should not be conducted with such preparation, and so great expenses and long terms, as are usual among the Spaniards in a European chancilleria; but they should be summary, and only sufficient records be kept to give evidence, so that, in the future, no new suit can be instituted on the same ground.  In regard to this the father will relate our difficulties, past and present and to come; and what the officers of justice do with the Indians—­and the same as regards the ecclesiastics.  The Indians should not be condemned to pay money fines, either for municipal purposes, or for charitable institutions; but other penalties in use among the Indians should be imposed, such as lashes, service in the hospitals, and other labors.

3. That the collection of tributes by force, and without any instruction being given to the Indians, excites and disturbs the country. Third:  His Majesty should be informed of what has occurred in the collection of tributes from the disaffected or never-pacified encomiendas, and of how little heed is paid to his ordinances; and he should order them to be executed.  Such Indians should not be compelled to submit; nor should all the tribute be collected from them, but only something as recognition, since they receive no benefit, nor know why it is demanded.  Thus they regard it as a theft, and us as robbers.  Severe penalties should be imposed on those who by only collecting the tribute each year and returning to this city, or by sending soldiers to do it as above stated (disturb the country and—­Madrid MS.) render it impossible that the country can ever be pacified.  For this reason many districts of these islands are disaffected, and must be subdued, as Burney, Maluco, Mindanao, and others near them.  The same should be understood also in regard to the encomiendas allotted to the royal crown.  This matter needs serious attention and correction.

4. The difficulty of furnishing instruction in some of the pacified islands.  Fourth:  His Majesty should be informed how little instruction is given in these islands, the difficulty of many [encomenderos] in furnishing it, and the much greater difficulty which arises from the topography of the country—­because it is all islands, and several, or many, of them are so small that they do not allow an entire encomienda, since three hundred, four hundred, or five hundred tributes are not sufficient for the expenses of an encomienda; and many of these have only one hundred or two hundred tributes.  To this difficulty is added the burden and danger of the voyage, the heat and rains, and the poor roads of the country.  In regard to this matter should be stated whatever remains to be told; also the remedy that may be applied by adding to the tributes, and by making some islands dependent upon others, as his Majesty may deem best.