4. That the Portuguese shall not trade with Mexico or Peru. Fourth:  The Portuguese should be forbidden, for the present, to make a voyage to or traffic with Peru or Nueba Espana; for this country will be ruined, while that city (Sevilla—­Madrid MS.) will lose the duties on the voyages and goods, and the Portuguese will take the silver to China, East India (Cion, and Sunda—­Madrid MS.) and other foreign kingdoms.

5. That the inhabitants of the islands may trade with Piru or any other country. Fifth:  We ask that the inhabitants of these islands may make voyages to Japon, Macan, and all other kingdoms and posts, whether Portuguese or pagan, that admit our trade.

6. That the Audiencia be abolished, or paid from Mexico. Sixth:  The citizens of this city and of these islands are very few and poor to carry so great a burden as the royal Audiencia, and the numerous expenses caused and incurred by its officials; accordingly if there are any reasons why the Audiencia should remain, his Majesty should allow their salaries to be paid from the treasury of Mexico.  The father will inform his Majesty of the arguments on both sides, according to the detailed memoranda and the discussions and opinions expressed here.  His Majesty will take what action he deems suitable.

Chapter fourth.  Of other matters on which depend the establishment and increase of this state and kingdom

1. That farming and stock raising be encouraged. First:  It should be brought to his Majesty’s attention that, up to this time, this country has had no adequate means of support—­whether in estates, farming, stock-raising, or anything else that sustains and enriches countries; but that its first settlers came only to conquer and subdue what little there is, and that afterward all thought and care were transferred to traffic and gain.  On this account all the country has remained uncultivated and unsettled; and it is necessary that an earnest effort be made to maintain what we now hold.  To this end his Majesty should undertake to send every year from Castilla, Nueba Espana, or elsewhere, eight or ten married farmers with daughters; his Majesty should pay the expenses of their voyage and settlement here, and provide here their houses and farm implements, and grant them other favors; and for this should issue very particular commands.  He should be told that there are so extensive and so fertile lands, with abundance of wood and iron; and that there are many workmen and much game, and everything else needed by farmers.

2. That the farmers and settlers be exempt from all taxes for a certain period. Second:  All coming to settle and cultivate the soil should be exempt for the present from tithes, pecho, [41] and any other tax—­with assurance and agreement that for the future, for such period as his Majesty may consider advisable, they shall incur no molestation from the collector of tithes; and that each be furnished the assurance of exemption which shall be necessary with the church and other persons.