“The second part of the act of precaution can, however, only be accomplished after having permitted the brain to register the thoughts which determine the first part of this act.”

In order to understand this very subtle difference, but very important one, which classifies these two sentiments, the old sage gives us the following example: 

“Let us suppose,” he says, “that, on a beautiful day in spring, a man starts out for an excursion which will last until the dawn of the following day.

“If he has common sense, he will say to himself that the sun will not be shining at the time of his return, that the nights of spring are cold, and that this one will be no exception to the rule.

“This is foresight.

“If common sense, with all its consequences, takes possession of him, it will increase his power of reasoning.  He will think that, in order to avoid suffering from the change of temperature, it would be well to cover himself with a cloak.

“And, even tho the sun shone, he would not hesitate to furnish himself with this accessory, which in fact will render him the greatest service.

“This is precaution.

“This quality is indispensable to the formation of the reasoning power; for, in addition to the necessity of foreseeing certain results, it permits also of directing their course, if it be impossible to exempt them completely.

“Reasoning is the art of developing, to the highest degree, the suppositions resulting from deduction.

“One is usually mistaken as to the exact meaning of the words ’to reason,’ and people seldom attach the importance to them which they should.

“One is apt to think that the gift of reasoning is bestowed upon every one.

“Perhaps; but to reason, following the principles of justice and truth, is an operation which can only be performed by minds endowed with common sense.

“In order to arrive at this result, it is essential to impress upon oneself the value of the words, ‘to deduct accurately,’ after having produced the radiation of thoughts which depend upon the object in question, and to foresee the consequences of the facts that a resolution could determine.

“Above all, to avoid contentment with the approximate, which conceals many pitfalls under false appearances.

“Without permitting oneself to express useless trivialities, not to neglect to become impregnated with those axioms which have been rightfully baptized, ‘wisdom of nations.’

“They are generally based on a secular observation, and are the product of many generations.

“It would be puerile to attach vital importance to them, but one would surely regret having entirely scorned their counsel.

“Too much erudition is at times detrimental to reason, based on common sense.  Altho fully appreciating science, and devoting serious study to it, one would do well to introduce the human element into his knowledge.