But though these two countries have been such enemies, they are as like each other as two sisters.  Siam is the little sister.  Siam is a long narrow slip of a country, having the sea on one side, and mountains on the other.

The religion of Siam is the same as that of Burmah, the worship of Buddha.  But in Siam he is not called Buddha:  the name given him there is “Codom.”  You see how many names this Buddha has; in China he is Fo; in Burmah he is Gaudama; in Siam, he is Codom.  Neither is he honored in Siam in exactly the same way as in Burmah.  Instead of building magnificent pagodas, the Siamese build magnificent image houses or temples.

The Siamese resemble the Burmese in appearance, but they are much worse looking.  Their faces are very broad, and flat; and so large are the jaws under the ears, that they appear as if they were swollen.  Their manner of dressing their hair does not improve their looks; for they cut their hair quite close, except just on the top of their heads, where they make it stand up like bristles; nor do they wear any covering on their heads, except when it is very hot, and then they put on a hat in the shape of a milk pan, made of leaves.  They do not disfigure themselves, as the Burmese do, with nose-rings, and ear-bars; but they, love ornaments quite as much, and load themselves with necklaces and bracelets.  Their dress consists of a printed cotton garment, wound round the body.  This is the dress of the women as well as of the men; only sometimes the women wear a handkerchief over their necks.

In disposition the Siamese are deceitful, and cowardly.  It has been said of them, that as friends they are not to be trusted, and as enemies not to be feared: they cannot be trusted because they are deceitful:  they need not be feared because they are cowardly.  This is indeed a dreadful character; for many wicked people are faithful to their friends, and brave in resisting their enemies.

No doubt the manner in which they are governed makes them cowardly; for they are taught to behave as if they were worms.  Whoever enters the presence of the king, must creep about on hands and knees.  The great lords require their servants to show them the same respect.  Servants always crawl into a room, pushing in their trays before them; and when waiting, they walk about on their knees.  How shocking to see men made like worms to gratify the pride of their fellow-men!  The rule is never to let your head be higher than the head of a person more honorable than yourself; if he stand, you must sit; if he sit, you must crouch.

The Siamese are like the Burmese in cruelty.  When an enemy falls into their hands, no mercy is shown.