Bay to the south was only like a great bottle, and had no outlet, they explored its northern waters; and when they found Chesterfield Inlet on the north-west, which leads into Baker Lake, they thought perhaps here was the passage through into the Arctic Sea.  But no; that was no good.  To the north of Chesterfield Inlet was a broad channel called Roe’s Welcome, which led into Wager Bay and through frozen straits into Fox’s Channel, and this again into Ross Bay.  Here only a very narrow isthmus separates Hudson’s Bay from the Arctic Sea; but still it is an isthmus of solid land.  Turning to the north-east and north there are the broad waters of Fox’s Channel leading into Fox’s Basin; but the north-west corner of this inland sea was so blocked with ice and islands that it was not until the year 1822 that the real northern outlet of Hudson’s Bay was discovered by Captain EDWARD PARRY to be the narrow Fury and Hecla Straits (the discovery was not completed until 1839 by the Hudson’s Bay Company’s explorers T. SIMPSON and W. DEASE).

Here you have found the way out into the Gulf of Boothia, which communicates in the north with Barrow Strait and Baffin’s Bay.  But across the supposed peninsula of Boothia there were discovered, in 1847, by Dr. JOHN RAE (also an officer of the Hudson’s Bay Company) the narrow Bellot Straits, which lead into Franklin Straits and so into M’Clintock Channel and the Arctic Ocean.  After this you might theoretically (if the ice permitted it) sail or steam your ship through Victoria Straits and Coronation Gulf till you got into Beaufort Sea (part of the open Arctic Ocean), or, by turning round Prince Albert Land, pass through the Prince of Wales’ Straits or M’Clure Straits into the same Beaufort Sea.

The North-West Passage across the Arctic extremity of North America, therefore, did exist after all, and the directest route would be up Davis Straits, through Hudson’s Straits into Fox’s Basin, then through the Fury and Hecla Straits into the Gulf of Boothia, then through the Bellot Straits and Franklin Straits (past Victorialand and Kemp Peninsula) and out through the Dolphin and Union Straits into the Arctic Ocean, and so on round the north coast of Alaska, past Bering’s Straits into Bering Sea and the Pacific.  But of course the accumulations of ice completely block continuous navigation.

The huge jagged island of BAFFIN’S LAND differs from much of Arctic America in that it has high land rising into mountains.  This is so completely covered with ice that it is of little interest under present circumstances to the world of civilization, though the large herds of musk oxen which it once supported were of much use to Arctic explorers as a food supply in winter.  The coasts are inhabited by a few thousand Eskimo, and Davis Straits and Baffin’s Bay possess a certain amount of commercial importance owing to the whale fisheries which are carried on there by the British, the Danes, the Americans, and