Once Mrs Garlick, before what she called her dinner, asked Maria, “Will there be enough mutton for to-morrow?” And Maria had gloomily and firmly said, “No.”  “Will there be enough if I don’t have any to-day?” pursued Mrs Garlick.  And Maria had said, “Yes.”  “I won’t have any then,” said Mrs Garlick.  Maria was offended; there are some things that a servant will not stand.  She informed Mrs Garlick that if Mrs Garlick meant “to go on going on like that” she should leave; she wouldn’t stay in such a house.  In vain Mrs Garlick protested that the less she ate the better she felt; in vain she referred to her notorious indigestion.  “Either you eats your dinner, mum, or out I clears!” Mrs Garlick offered her a rise of L1 a year to stay.  She was already, because she would stop and most servants wouldn’t, receiving L18, a high wage.  She refused the increment.  Pushed by her passion for economy in mutton, Mrs Garlick then offered her a rise of L2 a year.  Maria accepted, and Mrs Garlick went without mutton.  Persons unacquainted with the psychology of parsimoniousness may hesitate to credit this incident.  But more advanced students of humanity will believe it without difficulty.  In the Five Towns it is known to be true.

II

The supreme crisis, to which the foregoing is a mere prelude, in the affairs of Mrs Garlick and Maria, was occasioned by the extraordinary performances of the Mayor of Bursley.  This particular mayor was invested with the chain almost immediately upon the conclusion of a great series of revival services in which he had conspicuously figured.  He had an earthenware manufactory half-way up the hill between Bursley and its loftiest suburb, Toft End, and the smoke of his chimneys and kilns was generally blown by a favourable wind against the windows of Mrs Garlick’s house, which stood by itself.  Mrs Garlick made nothing of this.  In the Five Towns they think no more of smoke than the world at large used to think of small-pox.  The smoke plague is exactly as curable as the small-pox plague.  It continues to flourish, not because smokiness is cheaper than cleanliness—­it is dearer—­but because a greater nuisance than smoke is the nuisance of a change, and because human nature in general is rather like Mrs Garlick:  its notion of economy is to pay heavily for the privilege of depriving itself of something—­mutton or cleanliness.

However, this mayor was different.  He had emerged from the revival services with a very tender conscience, and in assuming the chain of office he assumed the duty of setting an example.  It was to be no excuse to him that in spite of bye-laws ten thousand other chimneys and kilns were breathing out black filth all over the Five Towns.  So far as he could cure it the smoke nuisance had to be cured, or his conscience would know the reason why!  So he sat on the borough bench and fined himself for his own smoke, and then he installed gas ovens.  The town laughed, of