[46] Retana, in his edition (1909) of De Morga remarks (p. 502):  “To-day there would not be many to dare go from Manila to Aparri by the road taken by the Spaniards in 1591.”

[47] Some Igorots brought down to the Manila carnival of 1912 were forced, at the request of Filipino authorities, to put on trousers.  This was not for comfort’s sake, nor yet for decency’s, for the bare human skin is no uncommon sight in Manila.  Apparently, the Filipinos of Manila were unwilling to let the world note that their cousins of the mountains were still in the naked state.

[48] For a full discussion of this entire matter, see the Report of the Secretary of the Interior, Philippine Islands, for 1910, Washington Government Printing Office, 1911, from which the quotations given above are taken.

[49] E.g. the Mountain Province.—­C.  De W.W.

[50] It is interesting to note, that since the foregoing report was published, Captain Harris, Philippine Constabulary, has persuaded the Kalingas to turn in one hundred and eighty-seven firearms in their possession, and this without firing a shot himself.  What this means may be inferred from the fact that all over the Islands, whether among Christians or non-Christians, the desire to have firearms is of the keenest.  The great ambition of the Ifugao is to be a policeman, and so be authorized to carry a gun.  The Moros will give $400.00 for an Army rifle and a belt of ammunition worth, say, $18.00.—­C.  De W.W.

[51] Japan Chronicle, weekly edition, Kobe, January 5, 1911.

[52] Ibid., same date.

[53] See the weekly Manila Times, October 21, 1910.

[54] According to a story current some years ago, a distinguished officer of our Army serving in the Philippines once remarked to a justly celebrated native judge of the highest character, that he had no opinion of the native justice, and added, that for a thousand pesos he could procure witnesses to prove that the judge had committed a murder in such a place, although the judge had never been in the place in his life.  “Absurd,” remarked the judge.  “How absurd?” “You misunderstand me,” answered the judge; “it would be absurd to spend a thousand pesos on such a purpose when two hundred would suffice.”

[55] This worthy, Ruperto Rios by name, in succession promoted himself to brigadier and major general, and then announced himself as generalissimo.  As though this were not enough, he next proclaimed himself pope, “Papa Rios,” and then crowned his earthly glories by calling himself Jesus Christ, and as such was hanged.  Our pity for such sell-delusion is tempered by the fact that the purpose in view was crime.

[56] It is only fair to remark that the Government is doing every thing in its power to develop native interest in agriculture.  Of course it is too early as yet to say whether its efforts will be rewarded.

[57] Quoted in the weekly Manila Times of October 21, 1910.