flat-topped hill.  From the eastern bluff of this hill, Mount Brown bore N. 62 deg. 20’ E., and Mount Arden, a peak nearly at the furthest extreme of the ridge, N. 18 deg. 40’ E.; and the inlet was seen to run in a serpentine form to the northward, between low banks covered with mangroves.  After taking the bearings we returned to the boat and pursued our course upward along the western shore, having from 4 to 7 fathoms past the bluff; but the inlet was there less than two miles wide, and a league further on it was contracted to one mile, half of which, besides, was occupied by mud flats.  These banks were frequented by ducks and other water fowl; and some time being occupied in chasing them, our distance above the ship was not so much as five leagues in a straight line, when the setting sun reminded us of looking out for a place of rest.  A landing was effected with some difficulty amongst the mangroves on the eastern shore; and from a small eminence of red earth I set the ship’s mast heads at S. 14 deg.  E., and Mount Brown N. 85 deg.  E.

THURSDAY 11 MARCH 1802

Next morning we continued the examination upwards, carrying 4, 3, and 2 fathoms in mid-channel; but at ten o’clock our oars touched the mud on each side, and it was not possible to proceed further.  I then landed and took observations in an artificial horizon for the time-keeper, which gave 4’ 34” of longitude to the west of the ship, or only two seconds more than was deduced from the bearings.  Mount Brown bore S. 72 deg.  E., Mount Arden N. 26 deg.  E., and my last station on the eminence of red earth S. 6 deg.  E. The inlet wholly terminated at one mile and a half to the N. 16 deg.  W.

It seemed remarkable, and was very mortifying, to find the water at the head of the gulph as salt nearly as at the ship; nevertheless it was evident that much fresh water was thrown into it in wet seasons, especially from the eastern mountains.  The summits of the ridge lie from three to four leagues back from the water-side, but the greater part of that space seemed to be low, marshy land.  To the northward no hill was visible, and to the westward but one small elevation of flat-topped land; all else in those directions was mangroves and salt swamps, and they seemed to be very extensive.

Two miles below the place where the observations for the time-keeper were taken was a small cliff of reddish clay on the western shore; and being near it on our return, when the sun was approaching the meridian, I landed to observe the latitude.  It was 32 deg. 27’ 56” south, so that the termination of the gulph may be called in 32 deg. 241/2’ without making a greater error than half a mile.  Mount Brown bore from thence S. 801/2 deg.  E., and its latitude will therefore be 32 deg. 301/4’ south; the longitude deduced from bearings and the time-keepers on board is 138 deg. 03/4’ east.