[Footnote 137:  [Greek:  dusdiexoda.]]

[Footnote 138:  See p. 139.]

[Footnote 139:  ‘Orosius,’ VII. 5.]

[Footnote 140:  A victorious Roman general was commonly thus hailed by his troops after any signal victory.  But by custom this could only be done once in the same campaign.]

[Footnote 141:  Suet. v. 21.]

[Footnote 142:  Dio Cassius, lx. 23.  The boy, who was the child of Messalina, had previously been named Germanicus.]

[Footnote 143:  Suet. v. 28.]

[Footnote 144:  Suet. v. 21.]

[Footnote 145:  Tac., ‘Ann.’ xii. 56.]

[Footnote 146:  Dio Cassius, lx. 30.]

[Footnote 147:  Suet. v. 24.]

[Footnote 148:  Dio Cassius, lx. 30.]

[Footnote 149:  Eutropius, vii. 13.]

[Footnote 150:  Muratori, Thes. mcii. 6.]

[Footnote 151:  ‘De XII.  Caesaribus,’ v. 28.]

[Footnote 152:  Dio Cassius, lx. 23.]

[Footnote 153:  See Haverfield in ‘Authority and Archaeology,’ p. 319]

[Footnote 154:  ‘Laus Claudii’ (Burmann, ‘Anthol.’ ii. 8).]

[Footnote 155:  See p. 152.]

[Footnote 156:  The inscription runs thus: 

NEPTVNO.  ET.  MINERVAE TEMPLVM pro SALVTE.  DO mus DIVINAE ex AVCTORITATE. Ti.  CLAVD Co GIDVBNI.  R. LEGATI.  AVG.  IN.  BRIT. Colle GIVM.  FABRO.  ET.  QVI.  IN.  E. . . . . .  D.S.D.  DONANTE.  AREAM. Pud ENTE.  PVDENTINI.  FIL_iae_

(The italics are almost certain restoration of illegible letters.)]

[Footnote 157:  See p. 256.]

[Footnote 158:  Claudia, the British Princess mentioned by Martial as making a distinguished Roman marriage, may very probably be his daughter.]

[Footnote 159:  See p. 130.]

[Footnote 160:  Thus in St. Luke ii. we find Cyrenius Pro-praetor ([Greek:  hegemon]) of Syria, but in Acts xviii.  Gallio Pro-consul ([Greek:  hanthupatos]) of Achaia.]

[Footnote 161:  See p. 131.]

[Footnote 162:  See p. 170.]

[Footnote 163:  His reputation for strength, skill, and daring cost him his life a few years later, under Nero (Tac, ‘Ann.’ xvi. 15).]

[Footnote 164:  Pigs of lead have been found in Denbighshire stamped CANGI or DECANGI.  Mr. Elton, however, locates the tribe in Somerset.  Coins testify to Antedrigus, the Icenian, being somehow connected with this tribe.]

[Footnote 165:  A Roman “Colony” was a town peopled by citizens of Rome (old soldiers being preferred) sent out in the first instance to dominate the subject population amid whom they were settled.  Such was Philippi.]

[Footnote 166:  Tacitus, ‘Annals,’ xii. 38.]

[Footnote 167:  The distinction of an actual triumph was reserved for Emperors alone.]

[Footnote 168:  Tacitus, ‘Annals,’ xii. 39.]

[Footnote 169:  See p. 239.  Uriconium alone has as yet furnished inscriptions of the famous Fourteenth Legion, "Victores Britannici." (See p. 160.)]