[Footnote 115:  See p. 38.]

[Footnote 116:  The site of this town is quite unknown.  Caesar mentions the Segontiaci amongst the clans of S.E.  Britain.]

[Footnote 117:  In S.E.  Essex, near Colchester.  See p. 176.]

[Footnote 118:  See pp. 109, 122.]

[Footnote 119:  Aelian (A.D. 220), ‘De Nat.  Animal.’ xv. 8.]

[Footnote 120:  [Greek:  Elephantina psalia, kai periauchenia, kai lingouria kai huala skeue, kai rhopos toioutos].  Strabo is commonly supposed to mean that these were the imports from Gaul.  But his words are quite ambiguous, and such of the articles he mentions as are found in Britain are clearly of native manufacture.  British graves are fertile (see p. 48) in the “amber and glass ornaments” (the former being small roughly-shaped fragments pierced for threading, the latter coarse blue or green beads), and produce occasional armlets of narwhal ivory.  Glass beads have been found (1898) in the British village near Glastonbury, and elsewhere.]

[Footnote 121:  Strabo, v. 278.]

[Footnote 122:  Propertius, II. 1. 73:  Esseda caelatis siste Britanna jugis.]

[Footnote 123:  Ibid.  II. 18. 23.  See p. 47.]

[Footnote 124:  Virgil, ‘Georg.’  III. 24.]

[Footnote 125:  Virgil, ‘Eccl.’  I. 65; Horace, ‘Od.’  I. 21. 13, 35. 30, III. 5. 3; Tibullus, IV. 1. 147; Propertius, IV. 3. 7.]

[Footnote 126:  Suetonius, ‘De XII.  Caes.’  IV. 19.]

[Footnote 127:  The lofty spur of the Chiltern Hills which overhangs the church of Ellsborough is traditionally the site of his tomb.]

[Footnote 128:  This whole episode is from ‘Dio Cassius’ (lib. xxxix.  Section 50).]

[Footnote 129:  He places Cirencester in their territory, while both Bath and Winchester belonged to the Belgae.  To secure Winchester, where they would be on the line of the tin-trade road (see p. 36), would be the first object of the Romans if they did land at Portsmouth.  Their further steps would depend upon the disposition of the British armies advancing to meet them,—­the final objective of the campaign being Camelodune, the capital of the sons of Cymbeline.]

[Footnote 130:  This is stated by both Geoffrey of Monmouth and Matthew of Westminster.]

[Footnote 131:  For three centuries this legion was quartered at Caerleon-upon-Usk, and the Twentieth at Chester.  See Mommsen, ’Roman Provinces,’ p. 174.]

[Footnote 132:  This was the honorary title of several legions; as there are several “Royal” regiments.]

[Footnote 133:  Tac, ‘Hist.’  III. 44.]

[Footnote 134:  The Flavian family was of very humble origin.]

[Footnote 135:  Bede, from Suetonius, tells us that Vespasian with his legion fought in Britain thirty-two battles and took twenty towns, besides subduing the Isle of Wight (’Sex.  Aet.’  A.D. 80).]

[Footnote 136:  If the Romans were advancing eastward from the Dobunian territory it may have been the Loddon.  Mommsen cuts the knot in true German fashion by refusing to identify the Dobuni of Ptolemy with those of Dion, and placing the latter in Kent on his own sole authority. (’Roman Provinces,’ p. 175.)]