Dr. Andrew Perne, also known as “Old Andrew Turncoat,” and other names revealing his willingness to fall in with the prevailing religious ideas of the hour, was made Master of Peterhouse in 1554, and subsequently he became Vice-Chancellor of the University.  He added to the library the extension which now overlooks Trumpington Street, and to him the town is largely indebted for those little runnels of sparkling water to be seen flowing along by the curbstones of some of the streets.  The chapel was added in 1632 by Bishop Matthew Wren in the Italian Gothic style then prevalent, and its dark panelled interior is chiefly noted for its Flemish east window.  The glass was taken out and hidden in the Commonwealth period, and replaced when the wave of Puritanism had spent itself.  All the other windows are later work by Professor Aimmuller of Munich.  Before this chapel was built the little parish church of St. Peter, which stood on the site of the present St. Mary the Less, supplied the students with all they needed in this direction.

Clare.—­Michael House, the second college, was, as we have seen, swept away to make room for Trinity, so that the second in order of antiquity is Clare College, whose classic facade of great regularity, with the graceful little stone bridge spanning the river, is one of the most familiar features of the “Backs.”  The actual date of the founding of the college by Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of Gilbert de Clare, was 1342, and the court, then built in the prevalent Decorated style, continued in use until 1525, when it was so badly damaged by fire that a new building was decided upon, but the work was postponed until 1635, and was only finished in the second year of the Restoration.  Although no shred of evidence exists as to the architect, tradition points to Inigo Jones, whose death took place, however, in 1652.  The bridge is coeval with the earliest side of the court, having been finished in 1640.  In the hall, marred by great sheets of plate-glass in the windows, there are portraits of Hugh Latimer, Thomas Cecil (Earl of Exeter), Elizabeth de Clare (foundress), and other notable men.

Pembroke.—­Like Clare, Pembroke College was founded by a woman.  She was Marie de St. Paul, daughter of Guy de Chatillon, and on her mother’s side was a great-granddaughter of Henry III.  She was also the widow of Aymer de Valance, Earl of Pembroke, whose splendid tomb is a conspicuous feature of the Sanctuary in Westminster Abbey.

Instead of the usual modest beginning with one or two existing hostels adapted for the purposes of a purely academic society, the foundress cleared away the hostels on the site nearly opposite historic Peterhouse, and began a regular quadrangle, the first of the non-religious type Cambridge had known.  An existing hostel formed one side, but the others were all erected for the special purpose of the college.  A hall and kitchen were built to the east, and on the street side opposite