Labok (Colocasia antiquorum Schott).

Longboy (Eugenia jambolana Lam.).

Olo (Cissus sp.), a low climbing herb, the stems and leaves of which are used in place of vinegar.

Palda (Phaseolus lunatus L.), civet bean.

Sili (Capsicum frutescens L.), small red peppers.  The American chile.  Used as a condiment.

Specimens of about twenty other food plants and trees were obtained, but their identification was impossible.

The wild growths used as medicines, or in the manufacture of string, rope, and bark cloth, will be mentioned under those headings.

Plants and Trees Used in the Treatment of Disease.—­Most sickness is thought to be caused by spirits, either with evil intent or to punish some wrong-doing or oversight on the part of the people.  To placate or bribe these superior beings, elaborate ceremonies are held, but in addition to these a number of simple remedies are made use of.  The efficacy of some of these medicines is explained by the fact that certain leaves or infusions are distasteful to the spirits of disease, which, consequently, take their departure.  Again, a trouble such as a tooth-ache is caused by a small worm which is gnawing at the tooth.  To overcome this, the bark and leaves of the alem tree are thoroughly beaten, and are applied to the face.  The worm smells the crushed leaves, and straightway enters the poultice which is then burned.  The spirits which bring the cholera can be driven away by burning the leaves of sobosob (Blumea balsamifera), bangbangsit (Hyptis suavolens Poir.) and dala (?) beneath the house; likewise, the bark of the bani (?) keeps the bearers of constipation at a distance. Bangbangsit is also considered as a cure for stomachache, diarrhoea, and is an aid in bringing on menstruation.  When used for these purposes, the root is boiled, and the liquor is drunk.  The fresh leaves will also relieve a pain in the stomach if applied to it, while the fruit is eaten to cure diarrhoea.  If the patient is already affected with cholera or dysentery, the leaves of the sobosob are placed in a jar of water at the mouth of which a clay ball is suspended, and the whole is then completely covered with banana leaves.  The pot it placed over a fire, and the steam being unable to escape is absorbed by the clay.  Later this is crushed, is mixed with water, and is swallowed by the patient.  Lard burned to a crisp is likewise mixed with water, and is drunk to relieve diarrhoea.