April 6 he sent this telegram: “You now
have over 100,000 troops with you.... I think
you better break the enemy’s line from Yorktown
to Warwick River at once.” An entry in
McClellan’s “Own Story,” under date
of April 8, comments upon this message and illustrates
the unfortunate feeling of the writer towards his
official superior: “I have raised an awful
row about McDowell’s corps. The President
very coolly telegraphed me yesterday that he thought
I had better break the enemy’s lines at once!
I was much tempted to reply that he had better come
and do it himself.” Thus is made evident
the lamentable relationship between the President,
who could place no confidence in the enterprise and
judgment of the military commander, and the general,
who had only sneers for the President’s incapacity
to comprehend warfare. It so happened, however,
that the professional man’s sarcasm was grossly
out of place, and the civilian’s proposal was
shrewdly right, as events soon plainly proved.
In fact what Mr. Lincoln urged was precisely what General
Johnston anticipated and feared would be done, because
he knew well that if it were done it would be of fatal
effect against the Confederates. But, on the
other hand, even after the clear proof had gone against
him, McClellan was abundantly supplied with excuses,
and the vexation of the whole affair was made the
greater by the fact that these excuses really seemed
to be good. His excuses always were both so numerous
and so satisfactory, that many reasonably minded persons
knew not whether they had a right to feel so angry
towards him as they certainly could not help doing.
The present instance was directly in point. General
Keyes reported to him that no part of the enemy’s
line could “be taken by assault without an enormous
waste of life;” and General Barnard, chief engineer
of the army, thought it uncertain whether they could
be carried at all. Loss of life and uncertainty
of result were two things so abhorred by McClellan
in warfare, that he now failed to give due weight
to the consideration that the design of the Confederates
in interposing an obstacle at this point was solely
to delay him as much as possible, whereas much of
the merit of his own plan of campaign lay in rapid
execution at the outset. The result was, of course,
that he did not break any line, nor try to, but instead
thereof “presented plausible reasons”
out of his inexhaustible reservoir of such commodities.
It was unfortunate that the naval cooeperation, which
McClellan had expected,[9] could not be had at this
juncture; for by it the Yorktown problem would have
been easily solved without either line-breaking or
reason-giving.