of the Nonsense Club was sure to be followed by reaction); he had lost hiss love, his father, his home, and as it happened also a dear friend; his little patrimony was fast dwindling away; he must have despaired of success in his profession; and his outlook was altogether dark.  It yielded to the remedies to which hypochondria usually yields, air, exercise, sunshine, cheerful society, congenial occupation.  It came with January and went with May.  Its gathering gloom was dispelled for a time by a stroll in fine weather on the hills above Southampton Water, and Cowper said that he was never unhappy for a whole day in the company of Lady Hesketh.  When he had become a Methodist, his hypochondria took a religious form, but so did his recovery from hypochondria; both must be set down to the account of his faith, or neither.  This double aspect of the matter will plainly appear further on.  A votary of wealth when his brain gives way under disease or age fancies that he is a beggar.  A Methodist when his brain gives way under the same influences fancies that he is forsaken of God.  In both cases the root of the malady is physical,

In the lines which Cowper sent on his disappointment to Theodora’s sister, and which record the sources of his despondency, there is not a touch of religious despair, or of anything connected with religion.  The catastrophe was brought on by an incident with which religion had nothing to do.  The office of clerk of the Journals in the House of Lords fell vacant, and was in the gift of Cowper’s kinsman Major Cowper, as patentee.  Cowper received the nomination.  He had longed for the office, sinfully as he afterwards fancied; it would exactly have suited him and made him comfortable for life.  But his mind had by this time succumbed to his malady.  His fancy conjured up visions of opposition to the appointment in the House of Lords; of hostility in the office where he had to study the Journals; of the terrors of an examination to be undergone before the frowning peers.  After hopelessly poring over the Journals for some months he became quite mad, and his madness took a suicidal form.  He has told with unsparing exactness the story of his attempts to kill himself.  In his youth his father had unwisely given him a treatise in favour of suicide to read, and when he argued against it, had listened to his reasonings in a silence which he construed as sympathy with the writer, though it seems to have been only unwillingness to think too badly of the state of a departed friend.  This now recurred to his mind, and talk with casual companions in taverns and chophouses was enough in his present condition to confirm him in his belief that self-destruction was lawful.  Evidently he was perfectly insane, for he could not take up a newspaper without reading in it a fancied libel on himself.  First he bought laudanum, and had gone out into the fields with the intention of swallowing it, when the love of life suggested another way of escaping the dreadful ordeal.