10.  Because, if the test clause be repealed, the Presbyterians may with the better grace get into employments, and the easier worm out those of the Established Church.

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SERMONS.

The following Form of Prayer, which Dr. Swift constantly used in the pulpit before his sermon, is copied from his own handwriting: 

“Almighty and most merciful God! forgive us all our sins.  Give us grace heartily to repent them, and to lead new lives.  Graft in our hearts a true love and veneration for thy holy name and word.  Make thy pastors burning and shining lights, able to convince gainsayers, and to save others and themselves.  Bless this congregation here met together in thy name; grant them to hear and receive thy holy word, to the salvation of their own souls.  Lastly, we desire to return thee praise and thanksgiving for all thy mercies bestowed upon us; but chiefly for the Fountain of them all, Jesus Christ our Lord, in whose name and words we further call upon thee, saying, ‘Our Father,’ &c.”

NOTE.

These twelve sermons are what have been handed down to us of a bundle of thirty-five which Swift, some years before his death, gave to Dr. Sheridan.  Swift had no great opinion of them himself, if we may judge from what he said to his friend when he offered him the bundle.  “You may have them if you please; they may be of use to you, they never were of any to me.”  There is not much in any of them of that quality which characterizes the average sermon.  For the artifices of rhetoric which are usually employed to move hearers Swift had no small contempt.  He aimed to convince the mind by plain statements of common-sense views.  He had no faith in a conviction brought about under the stress of emotional excitement.  His sermons exactly answer to the advice he gave a young clergyman—­“First tell the people what is their duty, and then convince them that it is so.”  In the note to his reprint of these sermons Sir Walter Scott has very admirably summed up their qualities.

“The Sermons of Swift,” says Scott, “have none of that thunder which appals, or that resistless and winning softness which melts, the hearts of an audience.  He can never have enjoyed the triumph of uniting hundreds in one ardent sentiment of love, of terror, or of devotion.  His reasoning, however powerful, and indeed unanswerable, convinces the understanding, but is never addressed to the heart; and, indeed, from his instructions to a young clergyman, he seems hardly to have considered pathos as a legitimate ingredient in an English sermon.  Occasionally, too, Swift’s misanthropic habits break out even from the pulpit; nor is he altogether able to suppress his disdain of those fellow mortals, on whose behalf was accomplished the great work of redemption.  With such unamiable