of preaching might perhaps have been at first introduced by men of nice ears and refined taste; but it is now become a spreading evil, through all degrees, and both sexes; for, since sleeping, talking, and laughing are qualities sufficient to furnish out a critic, the meanest and most ignorant have set up a title, and succeeded in it as well as their betters.  Thus are the last efforts of reforming mankind rendered wholly useless:  “How shall they hear,” saith the apostle, “without a preacher?” But, if they have a preacher, and make it a point of wit or breeding not to hear him, what remedy is left?  To this neglect of preaching, we may also entirely impute that gross ignorance among us in the very principles of religion, which it is amazing to find in persons who very much value their own knowledge and understanding in other things; yet, it is a visible, inexcusable ignorance, even in the meanest among us, considering the many advantages they have of learning their duty.  And it hath been the great encouragement to all manner of vice:  For, in vain we preach down sin to a people, “whose hearts are waxed gross, whose ears are dull of hearing, and whose eyes are closed.”  Therefore Christ Himself, in His discourses, frequently rouseth up the attention of the multitude, and of His disciples themselves, with this expression, “He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.”  But, among all neglects of preaching, none is so fatal as that of sleeping in the house of God; a scorner may listen to truth and reason, and in time grow serious; an unbeliever may feel the pangs of a guilty conscience; one whose thoughts or eyes wander among other objects, may, by a lucky word, be called back to attention:  But the sleeper shuts up all avenues to his soul:  He is “like the deaf adder, that hearkeneth not to the voice of the charmer, charm he never so wisely.”  And, we may preach with as good success to the grave that is under his feet.

[Footnote 1:  Hawkesworth (Swift’s “Works,” vol. xiii., 1762) inserts here “to believe.” [T.S.]]

But the great evil of this neglect will further yet appear, from considering the real causes whence it proceedeth; whereof the first, I take to be, an evil conscience.  Many men come to church to save or gain a reputation; or because they will not be singular, but comply with an established custom; yet, all the while, they are loaded with the guilt of old rooted sins.  These men can expect to hear of nothing but terrors and threatenings, their sins laid open in true colours, and eternal misery the reward of them; therefore, no wonder they stop their ears, and divert their thoughts, and seek any amusement rather than stir the hell within them.