of the [Sidenote:  1249] last Alexander, were Patrick, earl of March, and Lord Soulis, renowned in tradition; and such were, also, the powerful Comyns, who early acquired the principal sway upon the Scottish marches. [Sidenote:  1300] In the civil wars betwixt Bruce and Baliol, all those powerful chieftains espoused the unsuccessful party.  They were forfeited and exiled; and upon their ruins was founded the formidable house of Douglas.  The borders, from sea to sea, were now at the devotion of a succession of mighty chiefs, whose exorbitant power threatened to place a new dynasty upon the Scottish throne.  It is not my intention to trace the dazzling career of this race of heroes, whose exploits were alike formidable to the English, and to their sovereign.

The sun of Douglas set in blood.  The murders of the sixth earl, and his brother, in the castle of Edinburgh, were followed by that of their successor, poignarded at Stirling by the hand of his prince.  His brother, Earl James, appears neither to have possessed the abilities nor the ambition of his ancestors.  He drew, indeed, against his prince, the formidable sword of Douglas, but with a timid and hesitating hand.  Procrastination ruined his cause; and he was deserted, at Abercorn, by the knight of Cadyow, chief of the Hamiltons, and by his most active adherents, after they had ineffectually exhorted him to commit [Sidenote:  1453] his fate to the issue of a battle.  The border chiefs, who longed for independence, shewed little [Sidenote:  1455] inclination to follow the declining fortunes of Douglas.  On the contrary, the most powerful clans engaged and defeated him, at Arkinholme, in Annandale, when, after a short residence in England, he again endeavoured to gain a footing in his native country[2].  The spoils of Douglas were liberally distributed among his conquerors, and royal grants of his forfeited domains effectually interested them in excluding his return.  An [Sidenote:  1457] attempt, on the east borders, by “the Percy and the Douglas, both together,” was equally unsuccessful.  The earl, grown old in exile, longed once more to see his native country, and vowed, that, [Sidenote:  1483] upon Saint Magdalen’s day, he would deposit his offering on the high altar at Lochmaben.—­Accompanied by the banished earl of Albany, with his usual ill fortune, he entered Scotland.—­The borderers assembled to oppose him, and he suffered a final defeat at Burnswark, in Dumfries-shire.  The aged earl was taken in the fight, by a son of Kirkpatrick of Closeburn, one of his own vassals.  A grant of lands had been offered for his person:  “Carry me to the king!” said Douglas to Kirkpatrick:  “thou art well entitled to profit by my misfortune; for thou wast true to me, while I was true to myself.”  The young man wept bitterly, and offered to fly with the earl into England.  But Douglas, weary of exile, refused his proffered liberty, and only requested, that Kirkpatrick would not deliver him to the king, till he had secured his own reward[3].  Kirkpatrick did more:  he stipulated for the personal safety of his old master.  His generous intercession prevailed; and the last of the Douglasses was permitted to die, in monastic seclusion, in the abbey of Lindores.