The Venus and Cupid which hangs in the Tribuna
of the Uffizi, as the pendant to the more resplendent
but more realistic Venus of Urbino, is a darker
and less well-preserved picture than its present companion,
but a grander if a more audacious presentment of the
love-goddess. Yet even here she is not so much
the Cytherean as an embodiment of the Venetian ideal
of the later time, an exemplification of the undisguised
worship of fleshly loveliness which then existed in
Venice. It has been pointed out that the later
Venus has the features of Titian’s fair daughter
Lavinia, and this is no doubt to a certain extent true.
The goddesses, nymphs, and women of this time bear
a sort of general family resemblance to her and to
each other. This piece illustrates the preferred
type of Titian’s old age, as the Vanitas,
Herodias, and Flora illustrate the preferred
type of his youth; as the paintings which we have learnt
to associate with the Duchess of Urbino illustrate
that of his middle time. The dignity and rhythmic
outline of Eros in the Danae of Naples have
been given up in favour of a more naturalistic conception
of the insinuating urchin, who is in this Venus
and Cupid the successor of those much earlier
amorini in the Worship of Venus at Madrid.
The landscape in its sweeping breadth is very characteristic
of the late time, and would give good reason for placing
the picture later than it here appears. The difficulty
is this. The Venus with the Organ Player[39]
of Madrid, which in many essential points is an inferior
repetition of the later Venus of the Tribuna,
contains the portrait of Ottavio Farnese, much as
we see him in the unfinished group painted, as has
been recorded, at Rome in 1546. This being the
case, it is not easy to place the Venus and Cupid,
or its subsequent adaptation, much later than just
before the journey to Augsburg. The Venus with
the Organ Player has been overrated; there are
things in this canvas which we cannot without offence
to Titian ascribe to his own brush. Among these
are the tiresome, formal landscape, the wooden little
dog petted by Venus, and perhaps some other passages.
The goddess herself and the amorous Ottavio, though
this last is not a very striking or successful portrait,
may perhaps be left to the master. He vindicates
himself more completely than in any other passage
of the work when he depicts the youthful, supple form
of the Venetian courtesan, as in a merely passive
pose she personates the goddess whose insignificant
votary she really is. It cannot be denied that
he touches here the lowest level reached by him in
such delineations. What offends in this Venus
with the Organ Player, or rather Ottavio Farnese
with his Beloved, is that its informing sentiment
is not love, or indeed any community of sentiment,
but an ostentatious pride in the possession of covetable
beauty subdued like that of Danae herself by gold.