Fresh water close at hand and shade for the middle of the day are two points that should always be looked for in. selecting a site for a camp.  If the camp is to be occupied for any length of time, useful implements for many purposes can be made out of such material as the woods afford.  The simplest way to build a crane for hanging kettles over the campfire is to drive two posts into the ground, each of them a foot or more from one end of the fire space, and split the tops with an ax, so that a pole laid from one to the other across the fire will be securely held in the split.  Tongs are very useful in camp.  A piece of elm or hickory, 3 ft. long and 1-1/2 in. thick, makes a good pair of tongs.  For a foot in the middle of the stick, cut half of the thickness away and hold this part over the fire until it can be bent easily to bring the two ends together, then fasten a crosspiece to hold the ends close together, shape the ends so that anything that drops into the fire can be seized by them, and a serviceable pair of tongs is the result.  Any sort of a stick that is easily handled will serve as a poker.  Hemlock twigs tied around one end of a stick make an excellent broom.  Movable seats for a permanent camp are easily made by splitting a log, boring holes in the rounded side of the slab and driving pegs into them to serve as legs.  A short slab or plank can easily be made into a three-legged stool in the same way.

Campers usually have boxes in which their provisions have been carried.  Such a packing box is easily made into a cupboard, and it is not difficult to improvise shelves, hinges, or even a rough lock for the camp larder.

A good way to make a camp table is to set four posts into the ground and nail crosspieces to support slabs cut from chopped wood logs to form a top.  Pieces can be nailed onto the legs of the table to hold other slabs to serve as seats, and affording accommodation for several persons.

** Brooder for Small Chicks [343]

A very simple brooder can be constructed by cutting a sugar barrel in half and using one part in the manner

[Illustration:  Brooder for Young Chicks Kept Warm with a Jug of Boiling Water]

described.  Line the inside of the half barrel with paper and then cover this with old flannel cloth.  Make a cover for the top and line it in the same manner.  At the bottom cut a hole in the edge, about 4 in. deep and 4 in. wide, and provide a cover or door.  The inside is kept warm by filling a jug with boiling water and setting it within, changing the water both morning and night.  When the temperature outside is 10 deg. the interior can, be kept at 90 or 100 deg., but the jug must be refilled with boiling water at least twice a day.

** Faucet Used as an Emergency Plug [343]

A brass faucet split as shown at A during a cold spell, and as no suitable plug to screw into the elbow after removing the faucet was at hand, I drove a small cork, B, into the end of the faucet and screwed it back in place.  The cork converted the faucet into an