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[450] Edward Bouverie Pusey (1800-82), English divine and leader of the High Church party in the Oxford Movement.

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[451] Zech.  VIII, 23.

[452] my Saviour banished joy.  The sentence is an incorrect quotation from George Herbert’s The Size, the fifth stanza of which begins:—­

        “Thy Savior sentenced joy,
  And in the flesh condemn’d it as unfit,—­
  At least in lump.”

[453] Eph.  V, 6.

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[454] The first two books.[Arnold.]

[455] See Rom.  III, 2.

[456] See Cor.  III, 19.

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[457] Phaedo.  In this dialogue Plato attempts to substantiate the doctrine of immortality by narrating the last hours of Socrates and his conversation on this subject when his own death was at hand.

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[458] Renascence.  I have ventured to give to the foreign word Renaissance—­destined to become of more common use amongst us as the movement which it denotes comes, as it will come, increasingly to interest us,—­an English form.[Arnold.]

EQUALITY

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[459] This essay, originally an address delivered at the Royal Institution, was published in the Fortnightly Review, for March, 1878, and reprinted in Mixed Essays, 1879.  In the present selection the opening pages have been omitted.  Arnold begins with a statement of England’s tendency to maintain a condition of inequality between classes.  This is reinforced by the English freedom of bequest, a freedom greater than in most of the Continental countries.  The question of the advisability of altering the English law of bequest is a matter not of abstract right, but of expediency.  That the maintenance of inequality is expedient for English civilization and welfare is generally assumed.  Whether or not this assumption is well founded, Arnold proposes to examine in the concluding pages.  As a preliminary step he defines civilization as the humanization of man in society.  Then follows the selected passage.

[460] Isocrates.  An Attic orator (436-338 B.C.).  He was an ardent advocate of Greek unity.  The passage quoted occurs in the Panegyricus, Sec. 50, Orations, ed. 1894, p. 67.

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[461] Giacomo Antonelli (1806-76), Italian cardinal.  From 1850 until his death his activity was chiefly devoted to the struggle between the Papacy and the Italian Risorgimento.

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