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[395] John Bright (1811-89) was a leader with Cobden in the agitation for repeal of the Corn Laws and other measures of reform, and was one of England’s greatest masters of oratory.

[396] Frederic Harrison (1831-), English jurist and historian, was president of the English Positivist Committee, 1880-1905.  His Creed of a Layman (1907) is a statement of his religious position.

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[397] See The Function of Criticism, Selections, Note 2, p. 37. [Transcriber’s note:  This is Footnote 38 in this e-text.]

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[398] 1 Tim., IV, 8.

[399] The first of the “Rules of Health and Long Life” in Poor Richard’s Almanac for December, 1742.  The quotation should read:  “as the Constitution of thy Body allows of.”

[400] Epictetus, Encheiridion, chap.  XLI.

[401] Sweetness and Light.  The phrase is from Swift’s The Battle of the Books, Works, ed.  Scott, 1824, X, 240.  In the apologue of the Spider and the Bee the superiority of the ancient over the modern writers is thus summarized:  “Instead of dirt and poison we have rather chose to fill our hives with honey and wax, thus furnishing mankind with the two noblest of things, which are sweetness and light.”

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[402] Independents.  The name applied in England during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to the denomination now known as Congregationalists.

[403] From Burke’s Speech on Conciliation with America, Works, ed. 1834, I, 187.

[404] 1 Pet., III, 8.

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[405] Epsom.  A market town in Surrey, where are held the famous Derby races, founded in 1780.

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[406] Sallust’s Catiline, chap.  LII, Sec. 22.

[407] The Daily Telegraph was begun in June, 1855, as a twopenny newspaper.  It became the great organ of the middle classes and has been distinguished for its enterprise in many fields.  Up to 1878 it was consistently Liberal in politics.  It is a frequent object of Arnold’s irony as the mouthpiece of English philistinism.

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[408] Young Leo (or Leo Adolescens) is Arnold’s name for the typical writer of the Daily Telegraph (see above).  He is a prominent character of Friendship’s Garland.

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[409] Edmond Beales (1803-81), political agitator, was especially identified with the movement for manhood suffrage and the ballot, and was the leading spirit in two large popular demonstrations in London in 1866.