[Footnote 6:  Lord Liverpool.]

[Footnote 7:  Mr. Tod.]

[Footnote 8:  “The present equable diffusion of moderate wealth cannot be better illustrated, than by remarking that in this age many palaces and superb mansions have been pulled down, or converted to other purposes, while none have been erected on a like scale.  The numberless baronial castles and mansions, in all parts of England, now in ruins, may all be adduced as examples of the decrease of inordinate wealth.  On the other hand, the multiplication of commodious dwellings for the upper and middle classes of society, and the increased comforts of all ranks, exhibit a picture of individual happiness, unknown in any other age.”—­Sir G. Blane’s Letter to Lord Spencer, in 1800.]

[Footnote 9:  The price of labor in Russia may be pretty well collected from Tooke’s “View of the Russian Empire.”  “The workmen in the mines and the founderies are, indeed, all called master-people; but they distinguish themselves into masters, under-masters, apprentices, delvers, servants, carriers, washers, and separators.  In proportion to their ability their wages are regulated, which proceed from fifteen to upwards of thirty roubles per annum.  The provisions which they receive from the magazines are deducted from this pay.”  The value of the rouble at that time (1799) was about twenty-four pence sterling, or forty-five cents of our money.

“By the edict of 1799,” it is added, “a laborer with a horse shall receive, daily, in summer, twenty, and in winter, twelve copecks; a laborer without a horse, in summer, ten, in winter, eight copecks.”

A copeck is the hundredth part of a rouble, or about half a cent of our money.  The price of labor may have risen, in some degree, since that period, but probably not much.]

[Footnote 10:  Since the delivery of this speech, an arrival has brought London papers containing the speech of the English Chancellor of the Exchequer (Mr. Robinson), on the 23d of February last, in submitting to Parliament the annual financial statement.  Abundant confirmation will be found in that statement of the remarks made in the preceding speech, as to the prevailing sentiment, in the English government, on the general subject of prohibitory laws, and on the silk manufacture and the wool tax particularly.]

[Footnote 11:  That of Mr. Clay.]

THE CASE OF GIBBONS AND OGDEN.

AN ARGUMENT MADE IN THE CASE OF GIBBONS AND OGDEN IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES, FEBRUARY TERM, 1824.