“Now, therefore, the results began to appear in a practical form.  One third of all the rental of France was discovered to be absolutely mortgaged, and another third was swallowed up by other encumbrances, leaving but one third free for the use and benefit of its owners.  In other words, a great proportion of the people of France were embarrassed and poor, and a great proportion of the remainder were fast becoming so.

“Such a state of things produced, of course, a wide-spread social uneasiness.  Part of this uneasiness was directed against the existing government; another and more formidable portion was directed against all government, and against the very institution of property.  The convulsion of 1848 followed; France is still unsettled; and Mr. Webster’s prophecy seems still to be in the course of a portentous fulfilment.”

In the London Quarterly Review for 1846 there is an interesting discussion on so much of the matter as relates to the subdivision of real estate for agricultural purposes in France, as far as it had then advanced, and from which many of the facts here alluded to are taken.

[Footnote 1:  An interesting account of the Rock may be found in Dr. Thacher’s History of the Town of Plymouth, pp. 29, 198, 199.]

[Footnote 2:  See Note A, at the end of the Discourse.]

[Footnote 3:  For notices of Carver, Bradford, Standish, Brewster, and Allerton, see Young’s Chronicles of Plymouth and Massachusetts; Morton’s Memorial, p. 126; Belknap’s American Biography, Vol.  II.; Hutchinson’s History, Vol.  II., App., pp. 456 et seq.; Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society; Winthrop’s Journal; and Thacher’s History.]

[Footnote 4:  For the original name of what is now Plymouth, see Lives of American Governors, p. 38, note, a work prepared with great care by J.B.  Moore, Esq.]

[Footnote 5:  The twenty-first is now acknowledged to be the true anniversary.  See the Report of the Pilgrim Society on the subject.]

[Footnote 6:  Herodot.  VI. sec. 109.]

[Footnote 7:  For the compact to which reference is made in the text, signed on board the Mayflower, see Hutchinson’s History, Vol.  II., Appendix, No.  I. For an eloquent description of the manner in which the first Christian Sabbath was passed on board the Mayflower, at Plymouth, see Barne’s Discourse at Worcester.]

[Footnote 8:  The names of the passengers in the Mayflower, with some account of them, may be found in the New England Genealogical Register, Vol.  I. p. 47, and a narration of some of the incidents of the voyage, Vol.  II. p. 186.  For an account of Mrs. White, the mother of the first child born in New England, see Baylies’s History of Plymouth, Vol.  II. p. 18, and for a notice of her son Peregrine, see Moore’s Lives of American Governors, Vol.  I. p. 31, note.]

[Footnote 9:  See the admirable letter written on board the Arbella, in Hutchinson’s History, Vol.  I. Appendix, No.  I.]