that he could work with men who in many matters disagreed
with him, and as he left the points of disagreement
on one side, he used the more effectively points of
agreement. I do not think that Jefferson could
do this, or Hamilton either, and I cannot rid myself
of the suspicion that Jefferson furnished Philip Freneau,
who came from New York to Philadelphia to edit the
anti-Washington newspaper, with much of his inspiration
if not actual articles. The objective of the
“Gazette” was, of course, the destruction
of Hamilton and his policy of finance. If Hamilton
could be thus destroyed, it would be far easier to
pull down Washington also. Lest the invectives
in the “Gazette” should fail to shake
Washington in his regard for Hamilton, Jefferson indited
a serious criticism of the Treasury, and he took pains
to have friends of his leave copies of the indictment
so that Washington could not fail to see them.
The latter, however, by a perfectly natural and characteristic
stroke which Jefferson could not foresee, sent the
indictment to Hamilton and asked him to explain.
This Hamilton did straightforwardly and point-blank—and
Jefferson had the mortification of perceiving that
his ruse had failed. Hamilton, under a thin disguise,
wrote a series of newspaper assaults on Jefferson,
who could not parry them or answer them. He was
no match for the most terrible controversialist in
America; but he could wince. And presently B.F.
Bache, the grandson of Benjamin Franklin, brought
his unusual talents in vituperation, in calumny, and
in nastiness to the “Aurora,” a blackguard
sheet of Philadelphia. Washington doubtless thought
himself so hardened to abuse by the experience he had
had of it during the Revolution that nothing which
Freneau, Bache, and their kind could say or do, would
affect him. But he was mistaken. And one
cannot fail to see that they saddened and annoyed him.
He felt so keenly the evil which must come from the
deliberate sowing of dissensions. He cared little
what they might say against himself, but he cared
immensely for their sin against patriotism. Before
his term as President drew to a close, he was already
deciding not to be a candidate for a second term.
He told his intention to a few intimates—from
them it spread to many others. His best friends
were amazed. They foresaw great trials for the
Nation and a possible revolution. Hamilton tried
to move him by every sort of appeal. Jefferson
also was almost boisterous in denouncing the very idea.
He impressed upon him the importance of his continuing
at that crisis. He had not been President long
enough to establish precedents for the new Nation.
There were many volatile incidents which, if treated
with less judgment than his, might do grievous harm.
One wonders how sincere all the entreaties to Washington
were, but one cannot doubt that the great majority
of the country was perfectly sincere in wishing to
have him continue; for it had sunk deep into the hearts
of Americans that Washington was himself a party,
a policy, an ideal above all the rest. And when
the election was held in the autumn of 1792, he was
reelected by the equivalent of a unanimous vote.