In addition to the governor, the council, and the intendant, there were many other officials on the civil list.  Both the governor and the intendant had their deputies at Montreal and at Three Rivers.  There were judges and bailiffs and seneschals and local officers by the score, not to speak of those who held sinecures or received royal pensions.  There were garrisons to be maintained at all the frontier posts and church officials to be supported by large sums.  No marvel it was that New France could never pay its own way.  Every year there was a deficit which, the King had to liquidate by payments from the royal exchequer.

The administration of the colony, moreover, fell far short of even reasonable efficiency.  There were far too many officials for the relatively small amount of work to be done, and their respective fields of authority were inadequately defined.  Too often the work of these officials lacked even the semblance of harmony, nor did the royal authorities always view this deficiency with regret.  A fair amount of working at cross-purposes, provided it did not bring affairs to a complete standstill, was regarded as a necessary system of checks and balances in a colony which lay three thousand miles away.  It prevented any chance of a general conspiracy against the home authorities or any wholesale wrong-doing through collusion.  It served to make every official a ready tale-bearer in all matters concerning the motives and acts of his colleagues, so that the King might with, reasonable certainty count upon hearing all the sides to every story.  That, in fact, was wholly in consonance with Latin traditions of government, and it was characteristically the French way of doing things in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Louis XIV took a great personal interest in New France even to the neglect at times of things which his courtiers deemed to be far more important.  The governor and the intendant plied him with their requests, with their grievances, and too often with their prosy tales of petty squabbling.  With every ship they sent to Versailles their memoires, often of intolerable length; and the patient monarch read them all.  Marginal notes, made with his own hand, are still upon many of them, and the student who plods his way through the musty bundles of official correspondence in the Archives Nationales will find in these marginal comments enough to convince him that, whatever the failings of Louis XIV may have been, indolence was not of them.  Then with the next ships the King sent back his budget of orders, counsel, reprimand, and praise.  If the colony failed to thrive, it was not because the royal interest in it proved insincere or deficient.