One feature common to all of the writings of our author, as to many of his contemporaries, is their lack of the sentiment of nature. There are no streams, no flowers, no birds throughout his works. The two slight exceptions, mentioned by Larroumet,[136] show so evident a lack of interest in the beauties of nature that they offer the strongest proof in support of the rule. Here they are, the first from the eighth and the second from the eleventh part of Marianne: “Pendant qu’on etait la-dessus, je feignis quelque curiosite de voir un cabinet de verdure qui etait au bout de la terrasse. Il me parait fort joli, dis-je a Valville, pour l’engager a m’y mener.” [137] —“Il faisait un fort beau jour, et il y avait dans l’hotellerie un jardin qui me parut assez joli. Je fus curieuse de le voir, et j’y entrai. Je m’y promenai meme quelques instants."[138] This passage, from the sixth part of the same work, shows a somewhat greater appreciation: " Ah, ca! vous n’avez pas vu notre jardin; il est fort beau; madame nous a dit de vous y mener; venez y faire un tour; la promenade dissipe, cela rejouit. Nous avons les plus belles allees du monde!"[139] There is one passage, however, in the fifth part, in which Marivaux gives evidence of a frank and simple enjoyment of nature: “Nous nous promenions tous trois dans le bois de la maison;... et comme les tendresses de Valvilie interrompaient ce que nous disions, cette aimable fille et moi, nous nous avisames, par un mouvement de gaite, de le fuir, de l’ecarter d’aupres de nous, et de lui jeter des feuilles que nous arrachions des bosquets."[140]
Marivaux has had the singular honor of causing the creation of a new word in the French literary vocabulary, to designate his peculiar style, le marivaudage, a term which has had in the past rather more of discredit than of esteem in its general acceptation. Sainte-Beuve thus defines it: “Qui dit marivaudage, dit plus ou moins badinage a froid, espieglerie compassee et prolongee, petillement redouble et pretentieux, enfin une sorte de pedantisme semillant et joli; mais l’homme, considere dans l’ensemble, vaut mieux que la definition a laquelle il a fourni occasion et sujet."[141] With the increasing popularity of Marivaux, there has gradually arisen a different and more complimentary idea of the term. Deschamps, in his excellent work on the author, thus defines it: “Cet examen de conscience, dicte par une probite inquiete,—cette application a eviter les illusions qui trompent, a dejouer les pieges du caprice et de la fantaisie, a mettre au service du sentiment les plus subtiles lumieres de la raison,...—l’esprit de finesse employe a decouvrir les plus secrets mouvements de notre sensibilite,—par consequent l’usage conscient d’un style ajuste a la tenuite de ces enquetes, style qui n’est pas exempt de recherche, mais qui abonde en trouvailles decisives,—voila precisement le marivaudage."[142]
Marivaux has been blamed for an affectation, an ingenuity, a delicacy of style, together with a diffuseness, which led him to turn a thought in so many different ways as to weary the reader, a habit of clothing in popular expressions subtle and over-refined ideas, and, finally, a studied and far-fetched neologism.[143]