The completed chain from the warping mill or the linking machine is now taken to the beaming frame, and after the threads, or rather the small groups of threads, in the pin lease have been disposed in a kind of coarse comb or reed, termed an veneer or radial, and arranged to occupy the desired width in the veneer, they are attached in some suitable way to the weaver’s beam.  The chain is held taut, and weights applied to the presser on the beam while the latter is rotated.  In this way a solid compact beam of yarn is obtained.  The end of the warp—­that one that goes on to the beam last—­contains the weaver’s lease, and when the completed beam is removed from the beaming or winding-on frame, this single-thread lease enables the next operative to select the threads individually and to draw the threads, usually single, but sometimes in pairs, in which case the lease would be in pairs, through the eyes of the camas or HEALDS, or to select them for the purpose of tying them to the ends of the warp in the loom, that is to the “thrum” of a cloth which has been completed.

Instead of first making a warp or chain on the warping mill, or on the linking machine, and then beaming such warp on to the weaver’s beam or loom beam as already described, two otherwise distinct processes of warping and beaming may be conducted simultaneously.  Thus, the total number of threads required for the manufacture of any particular kind of cloth—­unless the number of threads happens to be very high—­may be wound on to the loom beam direct from the spools.  Say, for example, a warp was required to be 600 yards long, and that there should be 500 threads in all.  Five hundred spools of warp yarn would be placed in the two wings of a V-shaped bank, and the threads from these spools taken in regular order, and threaded through the splits or openings of a reed which is placed in a suitable position in regard to the winding-on mechanism.  Some of the machines which perform the winding-on of the yarn are comparatively simple, while others are more or less complicated.  In some the loom beam rotates at a fixed number of revolutions per minute, while in others the beam rotates at a gradually decreasing number of revolutions per minute.  One of the latter types made by MESSRS Urquhart, Lindsay & Co., Ltd., Dundee, is illustrated in Fig. 29, and the mechanism displayed is identical with that employed for No. 4 method of preparing warps.

The V-shaped bank with its complement of spools (500 in our example) would occupy a position immediately to the left of Fig. 29.  The threads would pass through a reed and then in a straight wide sheet between the pair of rollers, these parts being contained in the supplementary frame on the left.  A similar frame appears on the extreme right of the figure, and this would be used in conjunction with another V-shaped bank, not shown, but which would occupy a position further to the right, i.e. if one bank was not large enough to hold the required number of spools.  The part on the extreme right can be ignored at present.