and there were Terry, John A. Logan, and other good division commanders.  On the Southern side may be instanced N.B.  Forrest and J.B.  Gordon; but these men rarely attained to more than secondary positions, the highest places falling, as if by gravitation, into the hands of West Pointers.  An influence there was in the little academy on the Hudson which somehow brought to pass a superior warlike efficiency.  The training at West Point, supplemented as it usually was by campaigning on the plains, although duty was done only by men in squads, and the hardships and perils were scarcely greater than those encountered by the ordinary pioneer and railroad-builder, somehow evoked the field-marshal quality and made it easier to grapple with the tremendous problems with which the army was so suddenly confronted.

A certain pathos attaches to the story of some of those civilian soldiers.  In my youthful days, I had often seen N.P.  Banks, who had risen from the humblest beginning into much political importance.  No large distinction can be claimed for him in any direction, and for elevation of character he was certainly not marked; but he was a man of respectable ability and he climbed creditably from factory-boy to mechanic and thence (through no noisome paths) to Congress, to the post of Governor, and to the Speakership at Washington.

He had military ambition and with the beginning of the war went at once into the army, unfortunately for him, as major-general and commander of a department.  Could he have gone in as captain or colonel, his fortune would probably have been different.  But, sent to command in the Shenandoah Valley, it was his fate to meet at the outset the most formidable of adversaries, Stonewall Jackson.  He was sorely hoodwinked and humiliated, but so were several of his successors.  At Cedar Mountain, understanding that his orders were peremptory, he threw his corps upon double their numbers and fought with all the bravery in the world though with defective tactics.  Another corps should have been at hand, but it failed to arrive.  There was a moment when Banks, weak though he was, was near to victory, but he failed in the end in an impossible task and was made scapegoat for the blunders of others.  He was sent to supersede Butler in Louisiana with a force quite inadequate for the duty expected.  It was here that I came into contact with him.  Interested friends had laid my case before him, as one who might serve well in a higher position than that of a private, and he good-naturedly sent word to me to report to him at a certain hour in the rotunda of the St. Charles Hotel at New Orleans.  The city was in the firm grasp of the Union, as our transport had sailed up the evening before.  The ships of Farragut, their decks crowded with blue jackets held under their broad-sides a dense and sullen multitude.  A heavy salute reverberated from the river as the new commander took his place, but conditions were precarious.