[Sidenote:  Resistance throughout the colonies 1774-75.]

129.  The Association carried out, 1774-75.—­It was soon evident that Congress in forming the Association had done precisely what the people wished to have done.  For instance, in Virginia committees were chosen in every county.  They examined the merchants’ books.  They summoned before them persons suspected of disobeying “the laws of Congress.”  Military companies were formed in every county and carried out the orders of the committees.  The ordinary courts were entirely disregarded.  In fact, the royal government had come to an end in the Old Dominion.

[Sidenote:  Parliament punishes Massachusetts, 1774-75.]

130.  More Punishment for Massachusetts, 1774-75.—­George III and his ministers refused to see that the colonies were practically united.  On the contrary, they determined to punish the people of Massachusetts still further.  Parliament passed acts forbidding the Massachusetts fishermen to catch fish and forbidding the Massachusetts traders to trade with the people of Virginia, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and all foreign countries.  The Massachusetts colonists were rebels, they should be treated as rebels.  General Gage was given more soldiers and ordered to crush the rebellion.

[Sidenote:  General Gage.]

[Sidenote:  Opposed by the Massachusetts people.]

131.  Gage in Massachusetts, 1774-75.—­General Gage found he had a good deal to do before he could begin to crush the rebellion.  He had to find shelter for his soldiers.  He also had to find food for them.  The Boston carpenters would not work for him.  He had to bring carpenters from Halifax and New York to do his work.  The farmers of eastern Massachusetts were as firm as the Boston carpenters.  They would not sell food to General Gage.  So he had to bring food from England and from Halifax.  He managed to buy or seize wood to warm the soldiers and hay to feed his horses.  But the boats bringing these supplies to Boston were constantly upset in a most unlooked-for way.  The colonists, on their part, elected a Provincial Congress to take the place of the regular government.  The militia was reorganized, and military stores gathered together.

[Illustration:  APRIL 19, 1775, DRAWN AND ENGRAVED BY TWO MEN WHO TOOK PART IN THE ACTION.  Reproduced through the courtesy of Rev. E. G. Porter.]

[Sidenote:  Lexington and Concord, 1775. Higginson, 178-183; McMaster, 126-128; Source-Book, 144-146.]

132.  Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775.—­Gage had said that with ten thousand men he could march all over Massachusetts.  In April, 1775, he began to crush the rebellion by sending a strong force to Concord to destroy stores which his spies told him had been collected there.  The soldiers began their march in the middle of the night.  But Paul Revere and William Dawes were before them.  “The regulars are coming,” was the cry.  At Lexington,