altis montibus Cochinchinae:  indeque a mercatoribus sinensibus abunde exportatur.’  The tree accordingly is indigenous to Indo-China, where the Chinese first made its acquaintance.  The Chinese transcription is surely based on a native term then current in Indo-China, and agrees very well with Khmer sban (or sbang):  see AYMONIER et CABATON, Dict. cam-francais, 510, who give further Cam hapan, Batak sopan, Makassar sappan, and Malay sepan.  The word belongs to those which the Mon-Khmer and Malayan languages have anciently in common.” (Note of Dr. B. LAUFER.)

XXIV., p. 386, also pp. 391, 440.

FANDARAINA.

Prof.  E.H.  PARKER writes in the Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Soc., XXXVII., 1906, p. 196:  “Regarding the Fandaraina country of the Arabs mentioned by Yule in the Notes to pages 386, 391, and 440 of Vol.  II., it may be interesting to cite the following important extract from Chapter 94, page 29, of the Yuaen Shi:—­’In 1295 sea-traders were forbidden to take fine values to trade with the three foreign states of Ma-pa-r; Pei nan, and Fan-ta-la-i-na, but 2,500,000 nominal taels in paper money were set apart for the purpose.’”

XXV., p. 391.

In the Yuen Shi, ch. 94, fol. 11 r’o, the “three barbarian kingdoms of Ma-pa-eul (Ma’abar), Pei-nan (corr. Kiu-nam, Coilam) and Fan-ta-la-yi-na” are mentioned.  No doubt the last kingdom refers to the Fandaraina of Ibn Batuta, and Prof.  Pelliot, who gives me this information, believes it is also, in the middle of the fourteenth century, Pan-ta-li of the Tao yi chi lio.

GOZURAT.

XXV., p. 393.  “In this province of Gozurat there grows much pepper, and ginger, and indigo.  They have also a great deal of cotton.  Their cotton trees are of very great size, growing full six paces high, and attaining to an age of 20 years.”

Chau Ju-kwa has, p. 92:  “The native products comprise great quantities of indigo, red kino, myrobolans and foreign cotton stuffs of every colour.  Every year these goods are transported to the Ta shi countries for sale.”

XXXI., p. 404.

TWO ISLANDS CALLED MALE AND FEMALE.

Speaking of the fabulous countries of women, Chau Ju-kwa, p. 151, writes:  “The women of this country [to the south-east (beyond Sha-hua kung?) Malaysia] conceive by exposing themselves naked to the full force of the south wind, and so give birth to female children.”

“In the Western Sea there is also a country of women where only three females go to every five males; the country is governed by a queen, and all the civil offices are in the hands of women, whereas the men perform military duties.  Noble women have several males to wait upon them; but the men may not have female attendants.  When a woman gives birth to a child, the latter takes its name from the mother.  The climate is usually cold.  The chase with bow and arrows is their chief occupation.  They carry on barter with Ta-t’sin and T’ien-chu, in which they make several hundred per cent. profit.”