“His plan was the result of careful and mature deliberation.  He saw that these depraved and vicious children had never been brought under the influence of a well-ordered family, and believing, that, in the organization of the family, God had intended it as the best and most efficient institution for training children in the ways of morality and purity, he proposed to follow the Divine example.  The children were employed, at first, in improving the grounds, which had hitherto been left without much care; the banks of a little stream, which flowed past the cottage, were planted with trees; a fish-pond into which it discharged its waters was transformed into a pretty sylvan lake; and the barren and unproductive soil, by judicious cultivation, was brought into a fertile condition.

“In 1834, the numerous applications he received, and the desire of extending the usefulness of the institution, led him to erect another building for the accommodation of a second family of boys.  The work upon it was almost wholly performed by his first pupils.  I should have remarked, that, during the first year, a high fence, which surrounded the premises when they were purchased, was removed by the boys, by Dr. Wichern’s direction, as he desired to have love the only bond by which to retain them in his family.  When the new house was finished and dedicated, the original family moved into it, and were placed under the charge of two young men from Switzerland, named Baumgaertner and Byckmeyer.

“Workshops for the employment of the boys soon became necessary, and means were contributed for their erection.  New pupils were offered, either by their parents, or by the city authorities, and new families were organized.  These required more “house-fathers,” as they were called, and for their training a separate house was needed.  Dr. Wichern has been very successful in obtaining assistants of the right description.  They are young men of good education, generally versed in some mechanical employment, and whose zeal for philanthropic effort leads them to place themselves under training here, for three or four years, without salary.  They are greatly in demand all over Germany for home missionaries and superintendents of prisons and reformatory institutions.  You have heard, I presume, of the Inner Mission?”

I assented, and he continued.

“These young men are its most active promoters.  The philanthropy of Wichern was not satisfied, until he had established also several families of vagrant girls at his Rough House.—­But see, we are approaching our destination.  This is the Rauhe Haus.”

As he spoke, our carriage stopped.  We alighted, and rarely has my eye been greeted by a pleasanter scene.  The grounds, comprising about thirty-two acres, presented the appearance of a large landscape-garden.  The variety of choice forest-trees was very great, and mingled with them were an abundance of fruit-trees, now laden with their golden treasures, and a profusion of flowers of all hues.  Two small lakes, whose borders were fringed with the willow, the weeping-elm, and the alder, glittered in the sunlight,—­their finny inhabitants occasionally leaping in the air, in joyous sport.  Fourteen buildings were scattered over the demesne,—­one, by its spire, seeming to be devoted to purposes of worship.