45.  Lotus corniculatus.  Bird’s-foot-Lotus.—­There are several varieties of this plant; one growing on very dry chalky soils, and which in such places helps to make a good turf, and is much relished by cattle.  The other varieties grow in marshy land, and make much larger plants than the other.  Here it is also much eaten; and I have also noticed it in hay, where it appears to be a good ingredient.  As it thus appears to grow in any situation, there is no doubt, if the seeds were collected, that it might be cultivated with ease, and turn to good account in such land as is too light for Clover.  In wet and boggy situations it becomes very hairy, and in this state its appearance is very different from that which it has when growing in chalk, where it is perfectly smooth.

This plant should not be overlooked by the experimental farmer.

It is very highly spoken of in Dr. Anderson’s Essays on Agriculture, under the mistaken name of Astragalus glycophyllos, p. 489; but a truly practical account is given of it by Ellis in his Husbandry, p. 89, by the old name Lady-Finger-Grass.

46.  Medicago falcata.  Yellow medic.—­Is nearly allied to Lucerne, and is equally good for fodder; it will grow on land that is very dry, and hence is likely to become a most useful plant; its culture has, however, been tried but partially.  Some experiments were made with this plant by Thomas Le Blanc, Esq., in Suffolk, which are recorded by Professor Martyn.  Martyn’s Miller’s Dict. art.  Medicago.

47.  Medicago polymorpha.  Variable medic.—­This is also a plant much relished by cattle, but is not in cultivation:  it is an annual, and perhaps inferior in many respects to the Nonsuch, which it in some measure resembles.  There are many varieties of this plant cultivated in flower gardens on account of the curious shapes of the seed-pods, some having a distant resemblance to snails’ horns, cater-pillars, &c. under which names they are sold in the seed-shops.  It grows in sandy hilly soils; the wild kind has flat pods.

48.  Medicago sativa.  Lucerne.—­Too much cannot be said in praise of this most useful perennial plant:  it is every thing the farmer can wish for, excepting that it will not grow without proper culture.  It should be drilled at eighteen inches distance, and kept constantly hoed all summer, have a large coat of manure in winter, and be dug into the ground between the drills.  Six or seven pounds of seed will sow an acre in this mode.

I have known Lucerne sown with Grass and Clover for forming meadow land; but as it does not thrive well when encumbered with other plants, I see no good derived from this practice.  No plant requires, or in fact deserves, better cultivation than this, and few plants yield less if badly managed.

49.  Medicago lupulina.  Trefoil, or nonsuch.—­A biennial plant, very usefully cultivated with Rye-grass and Clover for forming artificial meadows.  Trefoil when left on the ground will seed, and these will readily grow and renew the plant successively; which has caused some persons to suppose it to be perennial.  About eight or ten pounds of seed are usually sown with six or eight pecks of Rye-grass for an acre, under a crop of Barley or Oats.