554.  Calendula officinalis.  Common Marigold.—­The radius of the corolla, if bruised, affords a fine orange.  The corolla dried and reduced to powder will also afford a yellow pigment.

555.  Caltha palustris.  Marsh-Marigold.—­The juice of the corolla, with alum, gives a yellow.

556.  Campanula rotundifolia.  Round-leaved bell-flower.—­A blue pigment is made from the corolla; with the addition of alum it produces a green colour.

557.  Carpinus Betulus.  Hornbeam.—­The bark, a yellow.

558.  Chaerophyllum sylvestre.  Cow-parsley.—­The umbels produce a yellow colour, and the juice of the other parts of the plant a beautiful green.

559.  Carthamus tinctorius.  Safflower.—­The radius of the corolla, prepared with an acid, affords a fine rose-coloured tint.

560.  Centaurea Cyanus.  Blue-bottle.—­The juice of the corolla gives out a fine blue colour.

561.  COMARUM palustre.  Marsh-cinquefoil.—­The dried root forms a red pigment.  It is also used to dye woollens of a red colour.

562.  CUSCUTA europaea.  Dodder.—­The herb gives out a lightish red.

563.  Crataegus Oxycantha.  Hawthorn.—­The bark of this plant, with copperas, is used by the Highlanders to dye black.

564.  Datisca cannabina.  Bastard-hemp.—­This produces a yellow; but is not easily fixed, therefore it presently fades to a light tinge.

565.  Delphinium Consolida.  Branching Larkspur.—­The petals bruised yield a fine blue pigment, and with alum make a permanent blue ink.

566.  Fraxinus excelsior.  Manna.—­The bark immersed in water gives a blue colour.

567.  Galium boreale.  Cross-leaved bedstraw.—­The roots yield a beautiful red, if treated as madder.

568.  Galium verum.  Yellow bedstraw.—­The flowers treated with alum produce a fine yellow on woollen.  The roots, a good red.

569.  Genista tinctoria.—­The flowers are in use among the country-people for dyeing cloth yellow.

570.  Geranium sylvaticum.  Mountain cranesbill.—­The Icelanders use the flowers of this plant to dye a violet colour.

571.  Hieracium umbellatum.  Hawkweed.—­The whole herb bruised and boiled in water gives out a yellow dye.

572.  Humulus Lupulus.  Hop.—­The strobiles are used for dyeing; but although they yield a yellow colour, the principal use is as a mordant.

573.  Hypericum perforatum.  Perforated st. John’s wort.—­The flowers dye a fine yellow.

574.  Iris germanica.  German iris.—­The juice of the corolla treated with alum makes a good permanent green ink.