to ask or expect a similar indulgence.  To this they all cheerfully assented, saying that they wished Colter every success, and would not apply for liberty to separate before we reached St. Louis.  We therefore supplied him, as did his comrades also, with powder and lead, and a variety of articles which might be useful to him, and he left us the next day.  The example of this man shows how easily men may be weaned from the habits of civilized life to the ruder, though scarcely less fascinating, manners of the woods.  This hunter had now been absent for many years from the frontiers, and might naturally be presumed to have some anxiety, or at least curiosity, to return to his friends and his country; yet, just at the moment when he was approaching the frontiers, he was tempted by a hunting scheme to give up all those delightful prospects, and to go back without the least reluctance to the solitude of the wilds.”

The two captains learned here that the Minnetarees had sent out a war-party against the Shoshonees, very soon after the white men’s expedition had left for the Rocky Mountains, notwithstanding their promise to keep peace with the surrounding tribes.  They had also sent a war-party against the Ricaras, two of whom they killed.  Accordingly, the white chiefs had a powwow with the Indian chiefs, at which the journal says these incidents occurred:—­

“We took this opportunity of endeavoring to engage Le Borgne in our interests by a present of the swivel, which is no longer serviceable, as it cannot be discharged from our largest pirogue.  It was loaded; and the chiefs being formed into a circle round it, Captain Clark addressed them with great ceremony.  He said that he had listened with much attention to what had yesterday been declared by Le Borgne, whom he believed to be sincere, and then reproached them with their disregard of our counsels, and their wars on the Shoshonees and Ricaras.  Little Cherry, the old Minnetaree chief, answered that they had long stayed at home and listened to our advice, but at last went to war against the Sioux because their horses had been stolen and their companions killed; and that in an expedition against those people they met the Ricaras, who were on their way to strike them, and a battle ensued.  But in future he said they would attend to our words and live at peace.  Le Borgne added that his ears would always be open to the words of his Good Father, and shut against bad counsel.  Captain Clark then presented to Le Borgne the swivel, which he told him had announced the words of his Great Father to all the nations we had seen, and which, whenever it was fired, should recall those which we had delivered to him.  The gun was discharged, and Le Borgne had it conveyed in great pomp to his village.  The council then adjourned.”

After much diplomacy and underhand scheming, one of the Mandan chiefs, Big White, agreed to go to Washington with the expedition.  But none of the Minnetarees could be prevailed upon to leave their tribe, even for a journey to the Great Father, of whose power and might so much had been told them.  The journal, narrating this fact, says further:—­