IVANOVA (32), a Russian town in Vladimir, 210 m.  NE. of Moscow, engaged in the manufacture of cotton, and known as the “Manchester of Russia.”

IVANOVITCH, IVAN, a lazy, good-natured impersonation of the typical Russian, as John Bull is of the Englishman, and Brother Jonathan of the American.

IVES, ST., a town on the Ouse, in Huntingdonshire, 50 m.  N. of London, where Oliver Cromwell resided from 1631 to 1635; the chief industries are malting and brewing.

IVIZA (22), the most westerly of the Balearic Isles, is hilly and well wooded, with fertile valleys and important fisheries.

IVORY COAST, a territory on the K. of the Gulf of Guinea, belonging partly to Liberia and partly to France and Britain.

IVORY GATE, the gate spoken of in Virgil through which dreams pass that do not turn out true.  See HORN GATE.

IVRY, a village in the dep. of Eure, NE. of Dreux, famous for the victory of Henry of Navarre over the Leaguers in 1590.

IXION, the king of the LAPITHAE (q. v.), who being admitted to heaven attempted to do violence to Hera, and whom Zeus deluded to embrace a phantom image of her instead, whereby he became the father of the Centaurs, and whom Zeus thereafter punished by fastening him hands and feet to an eternally revolving wheel in hell.

IZALIO, a volcano in the republic of San Salvador, which first announced its existence by a fissure opening in 1798 on the plain that now surrounds it, from which there vomited lava and cinders, accompanied with earthquake.

J

JABALPUR (84), a town, district, and one of the four divisions of the Central Provinces, India; the town is an important commercial and railway centre, situated 228 m.  SW. of Allahabad; cotton and carpets are amongst its chief manufactures.

JACK, a familiar form of John, the most widely spread of Christian names, and said to be derived from the French JACQUES or, as others maintain, from JANKIN, a distinctive form of JOHAN or JOHN; JOHNKIN gives us JOCK and JOCKEY; from its extreme commonness it has acquired that slightly contemptuous signification observable in such compounds as “every man JACK,” “JACK-of-all-trades,” “JACK-an-apes,” and the name as applied to the knaves in playing-cards, and to the small white ball used as a mark in the game of bowls is an example of its transferred sense.

JACKAROO, name given in Australia to a green-horn from England inexperienced in bush life.

JACKDAW OF RHEIMS, one of the INGOLDSBY LEGENDS (q. v.).

JACKSON, 1, a prosperous manufacturing city (21) in Michigan, U.S.A., on the Grand River, 70 m.  W. of Detroit; has various mills, iron-works, breweries, &c., and bituminous coal-mines on its outskirts. 2, A cotton market-town (10), capital of Madison County, Tennessee, on the South Fork of the Forked Deer River, 107 m.  SE. of Cairo, Illinois.