HAVELOCK, SIR HENRY, British general, born at Bishop Wearmouth; entered the army in 1815, and embarked in the service for India in 1823; served in the Afghan and Sikh Wars, as also in Persia; on the outbreak of the Mutiny he was in 1857 sent to the relief of Cawnpore and Lucknow, the latter of which places he entered on 25th Sept., where, being beleagured, he entrenched himself in the Residency, and held his own until November, when Sir Colin Campbell came to his relief, but his health had been undermined from his anxieties, and he died on the 22nd of that month; for his services on this occasion a baronetcy and a pension of L1000 was conferred on him, but it was too late, and the honour with the pension was transferred to his son; he was a Christian soldier, and a commander of the Puritan type (1795-1857).

HAVERFORDWEST (6), seaport and capital of Pembroke, Wales, prettily situated on the Cleddan, 10 m.  NE. of Milford; has a 14th-century castle and a ruined priory; the chief industry is paper-making.

HAVERGAL, FRANCES RIDLEY, a hymn-writer, born at Astley, where her father, known as a musical composer, was rector; was authoress of “Ministry of Song,” and collections which have been highly popular (1830-1879).

HAVERSIAN CANALS, canals in the bones to convey the vessels that nourish them.

HAVRE, LE (116), the second commercial port in France, on the N. side of the Seine estuary, 143 m.  NW. of Paris, in the dep. of Seine-Inferieure; has a fine harbour, docks, &c., but shipping is incommoded by the shifting sandbanks of the estuary, and railway facilities are poor; it is an important centre of emigration, and its industries embrace shipbuilding, iron-works, flour-mills, &c.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS (named by Cook the Sandwich Islands) (90), a group of volcanic islands, 12 in number, situated in the North Pacific; total area somewhat larger than Yorkshire.  Of the five inhabited islands Hawaii is the largest; it contains the famous volcano, Kilauea, whose crater is one of the world’s wonders, being 9 m. in circumference, and filled with a glowing lake of molten lava which ebbs and flows like an ocean tide.  The island of Maui has the largest crater on the earth.  The climate of the group is excellent, and vegetation (including forests) is abundant; sugar and rice are the chief crops.  Honolulu (on Oahu), with a splendid harbour, is the capital.  The islands are now under the jurisdiction of the United States.

HAWARDEN, a town 7 m.  W. of Chester, near which is Hawarden Castle, where Mr. Gladstone resided and died.

HAWEIS, HUGH REGINALD, English churchman, born at Egham, Surrey, incumbent of St. James’s, Marylebone; was present in Italy during the revolution there, and at several of the battles; is popular as a preacher and lecturer, and has written a number of works on the times, on music, Christ and Christianity, &c.; b. 1840.

HAWES, STEPHEN, an English poet; held a post In the household of Henry VII.; author of an allegorical poem on the right education of a knight, entitled “The Pastime of Pleasure”; d. d. 1503.