ENEID, an epic poem of Virgil, the hero of which is AEneas of Troy.

ENERGY, CONSERVATION OF, the doctrine that, however it may change in form and character, or be dissipated, no smallest quantity of force in the universe is ever lost.

ENFANTIN, BARTHELEMY PROSPER, a Socialist and journalist, born in Paris, adopted the views of SAINT-SIMON (q. v.); held subversive views on the marriage laws, which involved him in some trouble; wrote a useful and sensible book on Algerian colonisation, and several works, mainly interpretative of the theories of Saint-Simon (1796-1864).

ENFIELD (32), a town in Middlesex, 10 m.  NE. of London, has a celebrated Government rifle factory; was for six years the dwelling-place of Charles Lamb.

ENGADINE, a noted Swiss valley in the canton of the Grisons, stretches about 65 m. between the Lepontine or Rhaetian Alps; is divided into the Lower Engadine, wild and desolate, and the Upper Engadine, fertile and populous, and a favourite health resort; the river Inn flows through it, its waters collected here and there into lakes.

ENGEDI, an oasis, a spot of rare beauty, once a place of palm-trees, 23 m.  W. of the N. end of the Dead Sea.

ENGHIEN, LOUIS DE BOURBON, DUC D’, an ill-fated French Royalist, born at Chantilly; joined the Royalists under his grandfather, Prince of Conde, and took part in the Rhine campaign against the Republicans; was suspected of being concerned in a Bourbon plot to assassinate the Emperor Napoleon; was seized in the neutral territory of Baden, brought to Vincennes, and, after an inconclusive and illegal trial, shot by Napoleon’s orders, a proceeding which gave rise to Fouche’s remark, “It is worse than a crime—­it is a blunder” (1772-1804).

ENGINEERS, ROYAL NAVAL, since 1848 have ranked as commissioned officers; salaries vary from L110 to L639 a year; admission is by examination; duties include the entire oversight and management of the ship-machinery; there are three ranks—­inspectors of machinery, chief engineers, and assistants, the latter being of three grades; in 1888 engineer studentships were created.

ENGINEERS, THE CORPS OF ROYAL, in the British army, instituted in 1763, consists of about 900 officers and 5000 non-commissioned officers and men, usually recruited from skilled artisans; their duties comprise the undertaking of all engineering operations necessary in the conduct of war, e. g. bridging and mining, road and railway and telegraph construction, building of fortifications, &c.; their term of service is 7 years in the active army and 5 in the reserve, or maybe 3 in the former and 9 in the latter.