EGERTON, FRANCIS.  See BRIDGEWATER, EARL OF.

EGGER, EMILE, a French Hellenist and philologist (1813-1885).

EGHAM (10), a small town in Surrey, on the Thames, 20 m.  W. of London; has in its vicinity Runnymede, where King John signed Magna Charta in 1215.

EGINHARD, or EINHARD, a Frankish historian, born in Mainyan, in East Franconia; a collection of his letters and his Annals of the Franks, as well as his famous “Life of Charlemagne,” are extant; was a favourite of the latter, who appointed him superintendent of public buildings, and took him with him on all his expeditions; after the death of Charlemagne he continued at the Court as tutor to the Emperor Louis’s son; died in retirement (770-840).

EGLANTINE, MADAME, the prioress in the “Canterbury Tales” of Chaucer.

EGLINTON AND WINTON, EARL OF, Archibald William Montgomerie, born at Palermo; became Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland; Rector of Glasgow University; was a noted sportsman and patron of the turf; is chiefly remembered in connection with a brilliant tournament given by him at Eglinton Castle in 1839, in which all the splendour and detail of a mediaeval tourney were spectacularly reproduced (1812-1861).

EGMONT, LAMORAL, COUNT OF, born in Hainault; became attached to the Court of Charles V., by whom, for distinguished military and diplomatic services, he was appointed governor of Flanders; fell into disfavour for espousing the cause of the Protestants of the Netherlands, and was beheaded in Brussels by the Duke of Alva; his career and fate form the theme of Goethe’s tragedy “Egmont,” a play nothing as a drama, but charming as a picture of the two chief characters in the piece, Egmont and Claerchen.

EGMONT, MOUNT, the loftiest peak in the North Island, New Zealand, is 8270 ft. in height, and of volcanic origin.

EGO and NON-EGO (i. e.  I and Not-I, or Self and Not-Self), are terms used in philosophy to denote respectively the subjective and the objective in cognition, what is from self and what is from the external to self, what is merely individual and what is universal.

EGOISM, the philosophy of those who, uncertain of everything but the existence of the Ego or I, resolve all existence as known into forms or modifications of its self-consciousness.

EGOIST, a novel by George Meredith, much admired by R. L. Stevenson, who read and re-read it at least five times over.

EGYPT (8,000), a country occupying the NE. corner of Africa, lies along the W. shore of the Red Sea, has a northern coast-line on the Mediterranean, and stretches S. as far as Wady Halfa; the area is nearly 400,000 sq. m.; its chief natural features are uninhabitable desert on the E. and W., and the populous and fertile valley of the Nile.  Cereals, sugar, cotton, and tobacco are important products.  Mohammedan Arabs constitute the bulk of the people, but there is also a remnant of the ancient Coptic race.  The country