ALL-SAINTS’ DAY, the 1st of November, a feast dedicated to all the Saints.

ALL-SOULS’ DAY, a festival on the 2nd November to pray for the souls of the faithful deceased, such as may be presumed to be still suffering in Purgatory.

ALLSPICE, the berry of the pimento, or Jamaica pepper.

ALLSTON, WASHINGTON, an American painter and poet, whose genius was much admired by Coleridge (1779-1843).

ALMA, a river in the Crimea, half-way between Eupatoria and Sebastopol, where the allied English, French, and Turkish armies defeated the Russians under Prince Menschikoff, Sept. 20, 1854.

ALMACK’S, a suite of assembly rooms, afterwards known as Willis’s Rooms, where select balls used to be given, admission to which was a certificate of high social standing.

ALMADEN (9), a town on the northern slope of the Sierra Morena, in Spain, with rich mines of quicksilver.

ALMA`GRO, DIEGO D’, a confederate of Pizzaro in the conquest of Peru, but a quarrel with the brothers of Pizzaro about the division of the spoil on the capture of Cuzco, the capital of Chile, led to his imprisonment and death (1475-1538).—­DIEGO D’, his son, who avenged his death by killing Pizzaro, but being conquered by Vaca de Castro, was himself put to death (1520-1542).

AL-MAMOUN, the son of HAROUN-EL-RASCHID, the 7th Abbaside caliph, a great promoter of science and learning; b. 833.

ALMANACH DE GOTHA, a kind of European peerage, published annually by Perthes at Gotha; of late years extended so as to include statesmen and military people, as well as statistical information.

ALMANSUR, ABU GIAFAR, the 2nd Abbaside caliph and the first of the caliphs to patronise learning; founded Bagdad, and made it the seat of the caliphate; d. 775.

ALMANSUR, ABU MOHAMMED, a great Moorish general in the end of the 10th century, had overrun and nearly made himself master of all Spain, when he was repulsed and totally defeated by the kings of Leon and Navarre in 948.

AL`MA-TAD`EMA, LAURENCE, a distinguished artist of Dutch descent, settled in London; famous for his highly-finished treatment of classic subjects; b. 1836.

ALMAVIVA, a character in Beaumarchais’ Marriage de Figaro, representative of one of the old noblesse of France, recalling all their manners and vices, who is duped by his valet Figaro, a personification of wit, talent, and intrigue.

ALMEIDA, a strong fortress in the province of Beira, on the Spanish frontier of Portugal.

ALMEIDA, FRANCESCO, the first Portuguese viceroy of India, a firm and wise governor, superseded by Albuquerque, and killed on his way home by the Kaffirs at the Cape in 1510.—­LORENZO, his son, acting under him, distinguished himself in the Indian seas, and made Ceylon tributary to Portugal.

ALMERIA (37), a chief town and seaport in the S. of Spain, an important and flourishing place, next to Granada, under the Moors, and at one time a nest of pirates more formidable than those of Algiers.