CARYATIDES, draped female figures surmounting columns and supporting entablatures; the corresponding male figures are called Atlantes.

CASA, Italian statesman, Secretary of State under Pope Paul IV.; wrote “Galateo; or, the Art of Living in the World” (1503-1556).

CASABIANCA, LOUIS, a French naval officer, born in Corsica, who, at the battle of Aboukir, after securing the safety of his crew, blew up his ship and perished along with his son, who would not leave him (1755-1798).

CASA`LE (17), a town on the Po; manufactures silk twist.

CASANOVA, painter, born in London, of Venetian origin; painted landscapes and battle-pieces (1727-1806).

CASANOVA DE SEINGALT, a clever Venetian adventurer and scandalous impostor, of the Cagliostro type, who insinuated himself into the good graces for a time of all the distinguished people of the period, including even Frederick the Great, Voltaire, and others; died in Bohemia after endless roamings and wrigglings, leaving, as Carlyle would say, “the smell of brimstone behind him”; wrote a long detailed, brazen-faced account of his career of scoundrelism (1725-1798).

CASAS, BARTOLOMEO DE LAS, a Spanish prelate, distinguished for his exertions in behalf of the Christianisation and civilisation of the Indians of S. America (1474-1566).

CASAUBON, ISAAC, an eminent classical scholar and commentator, born in Geneva; professor of Greek at Geneva and Montpellier, and afterwards of belles-lettres at Paris, invited thither by Henry IV., who pensioned him; being a Protestant he removed to London on Henry’s death, where James I. gave him two prebends; has been ranked with Lepsius and Scaliger as a scholar (1559-1614).

CASAUBON, MERIC, son of preceding; accompanied his father to England; held a church living under the Charleses; became professor of Theology at Oxford, and edited his father’s works (1599-1671).

CASCADE MOUNTAINS, a range in Columbia that slopes down toward the Pacific from the Western Plateau, of which the Rocky Mountains form the eastern boundary; they are nearly parallel with the coast, and above 100 m. inland.

CASERTA (35), a town in Italy, 20 m. from Naples, noted for a magnificent palace, built after plans supplied by Vanvitelli, one of the architects of St. Peter’s at Rome.

CASHEL, a town in Tipperary, Ireland, 49 m.  NE. of Cork; a bishop’s see, with a “Rock” 300 ft. high, occupied by interesting ruins; it was formerly the seat of the kings of Munster.

CASHMERE or KASHMIR (2,543), a native Indian State, bordering upon Tibet, 120 m. long and 80 m. wide, with beautiful scenery and a delicious climate, in a valley of the Himalayas, forming the basin of the Upper Indus, hemmed in by deep-gorged woods and snow-peaked mountains, and watered by the Jhelum, which spreads out here and there near it into lovely lakes; shawl weaving and lacquer-work are the chief occupations of the inhabitants.