TRUMBULL, JONATHAN, an American patriot, judge and governor of Connecticut, who supported the movement for independence with great zeal; was much esteemed and consulted by Washington, whose frequent phrase, “Let us hear what Brother Jonathan says,” gave rise to the appellation “Brother Jonathan” (1710-1785).

TRUNNION, COMMODORE HAWSER, an eccentric retired naval officer in Smollett’s “Peregrine Pickle,” affects the naval commander in his retirement.

TRURO (11), an episcopal city and seaport of Cornwall; exports largely tin and copper from surrounding mines; its bishopric was revived in 1876, and a handsome Early English cathedral is nearing completion; has also infirmary, old grammar-school, libraries, &c.

TUAM (4), a town of Galway, Ireland, 129 m.  NW. of Dublin; is the seat of an Anglican bishop and of a Catholic archbishop.

TUeBINGEN (13), a celebrated university town of Wuertemberg, 18 m.  SW. of Stuttgart; is quaint and crowded in the old town, but spreads out into spacious and handsome suburbs, where is situated the new university.  Under Melanchthon and Reuchlin the old university became a distinguished seat of learning, and later, during the professorship of BAUR (q. v.), acquired celebrity as a school of advanced biblical criticism, which gave great stimulus to a more rationalistic interpretation of the Scripture narratives; has now an excellent medical school; also book printing and selling, and other industries are actively carried on.

TUCKER, ABRAHAM, author of “The Light of Nature Pursued”; educated at Oxford and the Inner Temple, but possessed of private means betook himself to a quiet country life near Dorking and engaged in philosophical studies, the fruit of which he embodied in seven volumes of miscellaneous theological and metaphysical writing (1705-1774).

TUCUMAN, a north-central province (210) and town (26) of the Argentine Republic, the latter on the Rio Sil, 723 m.  NW. of Buenos Ayres.

TUDELA (9), ecclesiastical city of Spain, on the Ebro, 46 m.  NW. of Saragossa.

TUDOR, the family name of the royal house that occupied the English throne from 1485 (accession of Henry VII.) to 1603 (death of Queen Elizabeth), founded by Owen Tudor, a Welsh gentleman, who became Clerk of the Household, and subsequently the husband of Catherine of Valois, widow of Henry V.; their son, Edmund, Earl of Richmond, married Margaret Beaufort, a direct descendant of Edward III., and became the father of Henry VII.

TULA (64), capital of a government (1,409) of the same name in Central Russia, 107 m.  S. of Moscow, the residence of a military and of a civil governor, the seat of a bishop, and a busy centre of firearms, cutlery, and other manufactures.

TULCHAN BISHOPS, bishops appointed in Scotland by James VI. to draw the Church revenues for his behoof in part, a tulchan being “a calf-skin stuffed into the rude similitude of a calf” to induce the cow to give her milk freely; “so of the bishops, which the Scotch lairds were glad to construct and make the milk come without disturbance.”