SANCROFT, WILLIAM, an English prelate, born in Suffolk; rose through a succession of preferments to be Archbishop of Canterbury; was with six other bishops committed to the Tower for petitioning against James II.’s second Declaration of Indulgence; refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, and was driven from his post, after which he retired to his native place (1616-1693).

SAND, GEORGE, the assumed name of Aurore Dupin, notable French novelist, born in Paris; married Baron Dudevant, a man of means, but with no literary sympathies; became the mother of two children, and after nine years effected a separation from him (1831) and went to Paris to push her way in literature, and involved herself in some unhappy liaisons, notably with ALFRED DE MUSSET (q. v.) and Chopin; after 1848 she experienced a sharp revulsion from this Bohemian life, and her last twenty-five years were spent in the quiet “Chatelaine of Nohant” (inherited) in never-ceasing literary activity, and in entertaining the many eminent litterateurs of all countries who visited her; her voluminous works reflect the strange shifts of her life; “Indiana,” “Lelia,” and other novels reveal the tumult and revolt that mark her early years in Paris; “Consuelo,” “Spiridion,” &c., show her engaged with political, philosophical, and religious speculation; “Elle et Lui” and “Lucrezia Floriani” are the outcome of her relations with Musset and Chopin; the calm of her later years is reflected in “La Petite Fadette,” “Francois le Champi,” and other charming studies of rustic life; her “Histoire de ma Vie” and posthumous letters also deserve notice; her work is characterised by a richly flowing style, an exuberant imagination, and is throughout full of true colour and vivid emotion (1804-1876).

SANDEAU, LEONARD JULES, French novelist, born at Aubusson; gave up law for literature; was George Sands first “friend” in Paris, and wrote with her “Rose et Blanche”; contributed to the Revue des Deux Mondes; wrote many novels and plays, and was elected to the Academy (1858), and during his later life held the librarianship at St. Cloud (1811-1883).

SANDEMANIANS.  See GLASSITES.

SANDERSON, BURDON, English physiologist; professor of Physiology first at University College, London, and since 1882 at Oxford; is one of the greatest authorities on the subject; b. 1828.

SANDERSON, ROBERT, English prelate, great casuist; became chaplain to Charles I. in 1631, and bishop of Lincoln in 1660 (1587-1663).

SANDHURST or BENDIGO (27), a mining city of Victoria, Australia, on Bendigo Creek, 101 m.  NW. of Melbourne; came into existence with the “gold rush” of 1851; mines are still of value; a good trade in grain, brewing, iron-founding, &c., is also done.

SANDRINGHAM, an estate in Norfolk of over 7000 acres, 71/2 m.  NE. of Lynn, the property of the Prince of Wales since 1862.

SANDWICH (3), one of the old CINQUE PORTS (q. v.) in Kent, on the Stour, and once on the sea, but now, by the receding of the sea, 2 m. distant; 12 m.  E. of Canterbury; an interesting place of many historical associations; has a splendid golf course, which attracts summer visitors.